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Period: to
WW1
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WW1 Alliances
Central Powers- Allied Powers-
-Germany -Britain
-Austria-Hungary -France
-Italy -Russia
-U.S -
Trench Warfare
First introduced in WW1 as a more effective way of fighting.
This tactic involved soldiers staying in large trenches dug into the ground to avoid ground troups easily killing them. Although this provided cover from ground troops, it still allowed for the vulnerability from an air attack. Bunkers were added to the trenches to help with this. This threw the war into a stalemate, with no real advances from either side. -
Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
When Serbian radicals assassinated Franz Ferdinand, it set off the alliance systems and caused Austria-Hungary(A.H) and Serbia to become enemies. Russia supported Serbia's fight against the Austria-Hungarian's lack of freedeom; so they joined Serbia against Austria-Hungary. Germany jumped at the chance to join the war, and agreed more with A.H., so they joined thier side. France and Britain joined Serbia and Russia and so formed the beggining of the Central and Allied powers. -
U-Boats
These were created by Germany, in an attempt to find a way to gain an advantage in winning the war. They were tiny submarines that were capable of eliminating enemies in a stealthy manor out at sea. -
U.S Entrance into WW1- Sinking of the Lusitania
The Lusitania was a civilian cargo ship from the United States that was supplying Britain with arms and supplies. Germany didnt like this much at all, and as in context with their campaign for unrestricted warfare, they sunk the ship. This angered the United States and caused them to join the Allied Powers and ultimatly enter WW1. -
U.S Entrance into WW1- Zimmerman Telegram
Around the same time as the sinking of the Lusitania, the Germans also sent a telegram to Mexico promising them United States land if they joined the Germans in the war. The U.S got wind of this and were angered even more than before. This gave the United States yet another reason to join the World War and destroy Germany. -
Treaty of Versailles
The war had ended and blame started to be handed out. When all had been settled, Germany had been put to blame and had to accept responsibility for starting the war and had to agree to pay for the cost of the damage. Germany's army was also reduced to 100,000 men and their navy had to be handed over to the victorious Allies. Germany was also not allowed manufacture war planes/tanks in the future and was banned from entering troops into Rhineland; the area of Germany closest to France. -
League of Nations
This was created as an attempt to bring world peace by connecting the countries in a group, creating a peaceful world order. The League of Nations was much like the Untied Nations of today in its attempts to end world conflicts. -
Bolshevik Revolution
This happened when the working class of Russia grew tired of being controlled by the upper class both economically and politically. After become angry at the upper class they decided to rise up against the rich classes of Russia -
Vladimir Lenin
Was the leader of Bolshevik Party, who seized power if the Russian Revolution in 1917. Then he gained control of the USSR upon its founding in 1922 until his death in 1924. He led the Bolshevik revolution through his plan of land, peace, and bread. -
Period: to
Interwar Period
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The Great Depression
This was a period in history when countries unemployment rose to extremely high levels, and the countries economies were suffering due to all the money spent on war efforts. Countries were also faced with the tough decision of either staying with a democracy (Britain/France/U.S), or converting to facism (Germany/Italy/Japan). -
Rise of Facism
Facism was a system where a dictator, or powerful head of the country, would rule with a focus on nationalism. Faciest rule was often violent with leaders who believed their nation/race was superior to others. Italy, Germany, Spain and and Japan converted to facism with the promises from their leaders that it would bring jobs and a solution to the economic position. Italy was headed by Muscalani, Hitler headed Germany, Franco in Spain, and Hirohito headed Japans efforts in facism. -
Joseph Stalin
Joesph Stalin was the supreme Russian ruler whose regime caused terror for the people of Russia, He was partnered with Trotsky until the feuded, resulting in Stalin exiling Trotsky and taking credit for his good ideas he also played a major role in getting rid of Nazism. -
Spanish Civil War
During the 1930's, Spain was a divided country that was torn between Nationalist and Republican parties. The Nationalist party consisted of monarchists, landowners, employers, the Roman Catholic Church and the army. The Republicans consisted of the workers, the trade unions, socialists and peasants. The country had been deeply hit by the Great Depression after the Wall Street Crash and was suffering economically. The Spanish government was then ruled back and forth until a civil war started. -
German Expansion
Germany's rising power, lead by Hitler, was casuing them to slowly invade countries such as Austria, Rhineland, and Czechoslovakia. Although the France and Britain looked past these overtakings; when Germany invaded Poland,a neutral country, this angered the Frech and British and sent the world into another war, WW2. -
Invasion of Poland
Germany began to expand its control under the infamous Hitler rule. As they expanded and entered Poland, the rest of the world took notice; especially Britain and France. -
Period: to
WW2
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Fall of France
The world was thrown into its second world war after France and Britain responded to Germany's invasion of Poland. Germany was just fuled by this response and, with Hitlers brilliant blitzkreig war tactics, was able to occupy 6 countries in 100 days. The Germans ended this brigade with the fall of allied defenses at Dunkirk. -
Evacuation of Dunkirk
As German forces occupied France in six weeks, they trapped the Allies in Dunkirk and forced them to evacuate the area or force obliteration. -
Pearl Harbor
Japan launched a surprise attack on the US naval base of Pearl Harbor located in Hawaii using a combination of air planes and naval ships, this attack caused many US deaths, after the attack on Pearl Harbor the United States decided to enter into WWII to avenge the fallen naval members of Pearl Harbor and fight against Japan. U.S entrance in the war turned it in favor of the Allies. -
Battle of Stalingrad
This battle is considered to be the turning point of WW2. The German Sixth army was ordered to attack the Russian city by Hitler and ended up in full retreat after being badly defeated. This was a huge victory for the Allies on the Eastern Front. -
Battle of Midway
At 10:26 am in the Pacific, 37 Douglas Dauntless bombers from the USS Enterprise dropped their loads on the unexpecting Japanese in the area destroying 4 of the fleets aircraft carriers within minutes. -
Battle of Guadalcanal
In August of 1942, 6,000 US Marines landed on Guadalcanal and seized the Japanese airfield stationed there. Caught by suprise, the Japanese began to fly in reinforcements, but still couldnt penitrate the Allies perimeter around the airfield. Fighting ensued in the jungles until Febuary of 1943, when the Japanese were badly outnumbered by the US's 40,000 troops on the island. Japanese forces were evacuated and Allies now had an upper hand in the Pacific War. -
D-Day
Europe had been occupied by the Axis powers for four years, and in 1944 the Allies finally put their efforts into action to liberate Western Europe. The campaign was codenamed Operation Overlord, and on 6 June 1944. Over three million servicemen were involved in the success of the Normandy Landings on D-Day. The Allies now had the upper hand in WW2 on almost all fronts. -
Firebombing of Tokyo
American bombers drop almost 2,000 tons of incendiaries on Tokyo during a mission, this attack killed 100,000 civilians and knocked Japanese forces of their feet. -
VE Day
Victory in Europe' (VE) Day, this day marked the formal end of Hitler's war. With it came the end of six years of suffering, courage and endurance across the world. People reacted in very different ways to the end of the nightmare. Some celebrated by having parties, while others spent the day reflecting on all the events leading to this day. In all nothing would be quite the same again throughout Europe. -
Bombing of Hiroshima/Nagasaki
A US B-29 bomber took off from Tinian Island carrying a 8,900 lb bomb nicknamed "Little Boy". At 8:15 "Little Boy" was dropped from 31,000 feet on Hiroshima killing 70,000 people instantly. Another 70,000 were estmated to have died by 1950 from radiation exposure. Another bomb nicknamed "Fat Man" weighing in at 9,000 pounds, was dropped on Nagasaki. The bomb killed about 73,884 people, and injured 74,909 more. -
VJ Day
The Allies celebrated victory over Japan on 15 August of 1945. The Japanese administration, under General Koiso, did not officially surrender with a signed document until September 2nd, both dates are still recognized as VJ Day.