Post classical civilization

Fall of the western Roman Empire

476

This marks the end of ancient Rome and the beginning of the middle ages in Europe. This was important because it freed Europe from rule by singular power. This all happened in Italy.

Justinian's Region

565

The Byzantine empire attempted to restore the Roman empire, he was considered one of the most significant in Byzantine history. It was significant because of the revival of Roman law, cultural and religious unification, and the architectural legacy.

Rise of the Tang and Song Dynasties

618

It had a long lasting effect on East Asia, by its territorial expansion, arts, and the silk road. The song Dynasty had an effect on innovations with technology, like the compass, printing press, gun powder. This was a time period where china's power was expanded. this was 618-1279 CE.

Spread of Islam

632

With the death of Muhammad who was the founder of Islam. Islam spread fast through the the middle east. This was significant because it expanded the empire, cultural changes and the golden age of Islam, and it had a economic impact on Islam. T\His death had a long term impact on the community such as succession decisons. This was 632 CE

Rise of umayyad chaphalite

661

This was the expansion of the Umayyad dynasty, one of the first in Islamic history. They are known for there spread in Islam expansion of its territories across many regions. Some events that helped with the rise was the death of Muhammad, the first Fitna, culture and economic growth. The legacy they left was the political and cultural landscape, the first to establish a hereditary monarch, architecture also increased. This was from 661- 750 CE.

The battle of Tours

732

What is now France this used to be a military conflict between Frankish forces and the Muslim army. This was significant because it stopped further advancements from Islam to western Europe. This happened 732 CE.

The Islamic Golden age

750

During this age there were a lot of educational, and trade and knowledge improvements. there was a lot of cultural flourishing and a broader global civilization. This was during 750-1258 AD.

The Viking Age

760

They launched many raids explorations across Europe. The Viking king Harald Hardrada was defeated from a raid. The Vikings had a major impact on the regions they encountered by trade, cultures, political structures. This was 763-1066 AD.

Al Hakim destruction of the church

1009

This event was remembered as a turning point between the Byzantine empire Fatimid Calphilite. The church was one of the holiest in Jerusalem, christians believed it's the place of Jesus's crucifixion resurrection. Al-Hakim was known for how he treated non Muslims Jews was extremely bad. His reasons behind it were, personal beliefs, political motivations.This caused christians to protest, having to rebuild the church, long term effects on Christian Muslims relations. During 1009 CE

First Crusades

1095

This was a military campaign to get Jerusalem and the Holy land from Muslim rule. This had a impact on religious motivation, christian- Muslim relationships, and the European society. This was during the 1095 CE.

Gold & Salt Trade

1200

During this period there was an exchange between valuable items, salt and gold through the Sahara desert, Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Gold was one of the most valuable commodities in the world at the time in Europe, Middle East, and North Africa. SAlt was good at preserving food especially in hot climates and for trade as well. This was significant because the trade helped fuel the empires and led to the development of powerful kingdoms in west Africa.This was 300 CE to 1591 CE

Mongal empire

1205

This was the largest land empire in history. They conquered cultural changes, trade, and the spread of technologies, but also caused some distraction in some regions. Their impact helped with the rise of the Ottoman empire, and the spread of new ideas. This was during 1206- 1389.

The rise of the kingdom of Mali

1226

The empire became one of the most wealthy and powerful empires in Africa.It became the center of trade, Islamic culture, and learning. They became successful by using the gold trade and developing resources along the Niger river. This was 1226 to 1670 CE.

The rise of the Ottoman empire

1299

This lasted over 600 years and was very powerful. It helped to shape the political, cultural, and economic landscape of both the Middle East and Europe. They had the balance of power in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa for centuries. This was from 1299- 1922

Renaissance

1300

This was essentially the revival of classical art, literature, knowledge, of Rome and Ancient Greece. It was a transformative period that led to the rediscovery of classical learning values. This marked the change between the Middle age Early Modern age. This was an impact on education, learning, political thought, art. It had a lasting impact on western culture set for the Modern Era. They got their wealth from trade. This was during the 1300s -1600s.

The Hundred Year War

1334

This was a war between England France that lasted over 116 years. It was mostly over territories that each side wanted. They both wanted economic dominance in terms of control over trade routes resources. This war helped shape the future for both sides, it led to a more centralized French monarchy influencing politics society in the following years. It happened during 1337-1453

Black Death

1346

This is one of the deadliest pandemic that happened in Europe. It killed around 25 million people. This was spread from fleas that lived on rats and those rats would board merchants ships and spread to different regions. The significance was the economic impact, the massive amount of deaths, and the social and cultural effects. This was during 1347- 1352 CE

The Great Schism

1376

This was a split between the Roman Catholic church in the west and the eastern Orthodox church in the east. This made it to separate branches of faith. The impact it left was religious division, political consequences, and theological differences. This happened in 1378-1417CE.

The invention of the printing press

1440

Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. This helped the spread of knowledge by books and that helped the literacy rates as well. This was 1440 CE.

The fall of Constantinople

May 29, 1453

The fall is one of the most significant events in world history, not only for its political implications but also for its cultural and religious consequences. The decline in the Byzantine, the rise of the ottoman empire. It marked the end of Christian byzantine rule in the eastern mediterranean, it was also significant in European trade route.