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-early, influential leader of the U.S. women's rights movement
-co organizer of the 1848 seneca falls convention
-intersections with abolitionism and 19th century reform networks -
-labor organizer, socialist party leader, multiple time presidential candidate
-activism illustrates late 19th/early 20th century labor struggles, radical political alternatives to capitalism, and federal responses to industrial unrest
-wartime conviction under Espionage Act: case study in civil liberties tensions -
-investigative journalist
-muckraking expose of standard oil combined detailed research and narrative to reveal monopolistic practices -
-prominent progressive reformer
-founder of Hull House
-advocate for settlement houses, immigrant assistance, public health, and women's suffrage -
-muckraking journalist
-exposed municipal corruption in the shame of the cities -
-leading reform organization
-combined temperance advocacy with broader social reforms
-women's suffrage, labor protections, and public health campaigns -
-governor of New York
-democratic presidential nominee in 1928
-known for progressive era reforms -
-31st president of U.S. (1929-1933)
-republican
-administration coincided with the onset of the Great Depression
-policies emphasized limited federal intervention
-presidency often studied for its responses to economic collapse and influence on later New Deal reforms -
-31st president of U.S. (1929-1933)
-republican
-administration coincided with the onset of the Great Depression
-policies emphasized limited federal intervention
-presidency often studied for its responses to economic collapse and influence on later New Deal reforms -
-created united mine workers in 1890
-responsible for the passage of the fair labor standards act -
-1st female cabinet member in the U.S.
-served from 1933 to 1945
-helped pass many New Deal programs/legislations
-longest serving secretary of labor -
-first lady to Franklin Roosevelt
-supported civil rights
-opposed Jim Crow laws
-advocated for birth control
-supported the New Deal
-advocated for better working conditions -
-first U.S. born writer to receive Nobel Prize in literature (1930)
-satirical novels critiqued middle class conformity and materialism in early 20th century American society -
-legislation that created the Interstate Commerce Commission
-regulate abusive railroad practices -
-progressive era investigative reporters and writers
-exposed corruption, corporate abuses, and social problems
-mobilize public opinion and policy change -
-progressive era efforts
-reduce corruption and improve city governance
-promoting professional city management, nonpartisan elections, civil service reform, and public utilities regulation -
-one of FDR'S closest advisors
-helped manage relief programs
-served as a foreign policy representative to Churchill and Stalin in WWII -
-insurgent campaigns by Cuban nationalists against spanish colonial rule
-contributed to outbreak of spanish american war and subsequent U.S. intervention and occupation -
-founded by critics of U.S. expansion
-(Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, and former President Grover Cleveland) -
-phrase from 1899 poem by Rudyard Kipling
-justify imperial expansion by framing it as moral obligation of white western nations to "civilize" nonwhite peoples -
-major African American poet, novelist, playwright, and social activist
-associated with the Harlem Renaissance
-works explored Black identity, resilience, and everyday life
-advocating for racial equality and cultural pride -
-federal law
-funded large scale irrigation and land reclamation projects in the arid west
-used proceeds from public land sales -
-author of the Great Depression
-wrote about the Great Depression and the realities
-won the Pulitzer prize for following families who were displaced due to the dust bowl from Oklahoma -
-Theodore Roosevelt's addition to Monroe Doctrine
-asserting U.S. right to intervene in Latin American countries
-stabilize them politically and economically
-justify U.S. interventions and occupations -
-federal law
-prohibited the sale of adulterated or misbranded food and drugs
-required truth in labeling -
-leading civil rights organization
-legal challenges, public advocacy, and lobbying
-combat lynching, segregation, and racial discrimination -
-U.S. foreign policy approach
-most associated with President William Howard Taft
-used economic investment and loans by American businesses and banks
-expand U.S. influence abroad and achieve political stability in regions like Latin America and East Asia -
-mass movement of more than a million African Americans
-rural south to northern and midwestern cities
-during and after World War I
-transformed demographics, labor markets, urban culture, and politics in sending and receiving regions -
-white supremacist organization
-revived in the 1910s and 1920s
-promoted nativism, anti black racism, anti catholicism, and anti immigrant sentiment
-through intimidation, terror, and political influence -
-factory fire in New York City
-killed 146 mostly young immigrant women
-revealed dangerous industrial conditions
-increase need/want for reform and unions -
-third party formed by Theodore Roosevelt
-regulatory government, social welfare reforms, and direct democracy measures -
-Theodore Roosevelt's policy program
-called for a strong federal government
-regulate the economy, protect social justice, and curb concentrated corporate power -
-statue establishing federal reserve system
-stabilize currency
-provide flexible money supply
-act as lender of last resort -
-mass black nationalist organization
-founded and led by Marcus Garvey
-promoted racial pride, economic self sufficiency, and return to Africa movement for African descendants -
-british passenger liner sunk by German U boat
-significant American casualties
-intensified anti German sentiment in the U.S.
-contributed to the growing movement toward U.S. entry into WWI -
-secret German diplomatic proposal to Mexico
-promised support to regain lost territories
-helped shift U.S. public opinion toward entering WWI -
-Woodrow Wilson's program
-for postwar peace
-emphasized self determination, open diplomacy, free trade
-creation of an international association of nations
-guarantee political independence and territorial integrity -
-cultural, social, artistic movement during 1920s and 1930s
-centered in Harlem neighborhood of NYC
-celebrated African American cultural expression in literature, music, visual arts, and intellectual thought
-fostering new racial pride, challenging prevailing racial stereotypes, and influencing national conversations about race and identity -
-peace settlement
-formally ended WWI between Germany and Allied Powers
-resulted in territorial losses, military restrictions, and heavy reparations on Germany -
-periods of intense fear of radicalism and communism in the U.S.
-produced government crackdowns, deportations, widespread repression of leftist organizations and labor activists -
-international organization
-established after WWI
-based on President Woodrow Wilson's vision
-provide a forum for resolving disputes and preventing future wars
-U.S. senate did not authorize
-not effective -
-constitutional amendment
-prohibited denying citizens the right to vote based on sex
-marked a major victory of the women's suffrage movement toward U.S. entry into WWI -
-employer led campaign
-promote open shop policies
-oppose labor organizing and union recognition
-framed as defending individual freedom
-used to weaken unions and suppress collective bargaining -
-federal immigration legislation
-established national quota system based on existing U.S. census data
-restrict immigration from southern and eastern europe
-virtually exclude immigrants from Asia -
-shelters built by homeless people during Great Depression
-named after president Hoover, whom many Americans blamed -
-stock market collapsed
-marked beginning of the Great Depression
-led to Americans panicking -
-AKA Hawley Smoot Tariff Act
-raised tariffs on imported goods to almost 60%
-supposed to help Americans during Great Depression
-caused international trade to decline -
-Great Plains suffered environmental disasters
-caused by extreme drought, overplowing, and other farming practices
-resulted in dust storms and crop failures -
-civil rights case
-nine African American teenagers were falsely accused and convicted of raping 2 white women in Alabama
-all but one sentenced to death
-later overturned -
-group of around 20,000 WWI veterans
-marched in 1932 to DC
-demanded payment of war bonuses
-during Great Depression -
-created under president Hoover
-provided $500 million in emergency loans to banks, railroads, and institutions
-known as trickle down economies
-help big business who would help individuals -
-created under president Hoover
-provided $500 million in emergency loans to banks, railroads, and institutions
-known as trickle down economies
-help big business who would help individuals -
-designed to stabilize the economy
-set minimum wage, maximum hours, and production levels -
-Banking Act
-goal was to separate commercial bank deposits from investment banks
-main goal was to reduce gambling -
-Franklin Roosevelt's first response to the Great Depression
-enforced relief, recovery, and reform -
-coalition
-led by American Communists, socialists, and liberals
-fight fascism and support the New Deal
-organization stared in mid 1930s until late 1930s -
-landmark New Deal Program
-established under FDR
-provide federal assistance to retired workers, unemployed, and disabled
-still present today -
-more progressive than before
-established the social security act, works progress administration, and wagner act -
-more progressive than before
-established the social security act, works progress administration, and wagner act -
-Roosevelt attempted to increase the US supreme court from 9 to 15
-his attempt to pass the New Deal programs
American public viewed this negatively, saw Roosevelt as wanting more executive power -
-U.S. agricultural policy
-pricing principle
-intended to ensure that farmers received a price for their crops comparable in purchasing power to a base period