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Possible early human migration from Asia into the Americas via the Bering Land Bridge (Beringia). Stone tools found in some sites suggest earlier human presence.
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First widespread culture in North America. Known for Clovis points—distinctive fluted stone spear tips. People were nomadic big-game hunters, hunting mammoths and mastodons.
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Developed more refined Folsom points. Adapted to changing climates as megafauna went extinct; began hunting smaller animals like bison.
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Climate warmed after the Ice Age. People became more diverse in their tools and food sources, including plants and fish. Transition toward Archaic Period and more permanent settlements.
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🌴 First major Mesoamerican civilization, located in the Gulf Coast (Veracruz and Tabasco).🗿 Created colossal stone heads.🏛️ Built cities like San Lorenzo and La Venta.📜 Developed one of the earliest writing and calendar systems.🙏 Practiced religion centered on jaguar gods and nature.
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🏔️ Based in the Oaxaca Valley.🏙️ Built the city of Monte Albán, one of the first urban centers in Mesoamerica.📜 Created an early hieroglyphic writing system and calendar.⚱️ Known for their ceramics, architecture, and organized government.🕊️ Continued to thrive after the Olmecs, influencing later cultures like the Mixtecs.