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Evil Sprits
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Tribal doctors preformed ceremonies to exorcise evil spirits
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Digitalis- given in pill form, or injection to treat heart conditions, used to be chewed to slow heart rate
Quinine- comes from a cinchona tree, controls fevers and muscle spasms
Belladonna- atropine made from poisonous nightshade plant, relieve muscle spasms
Morphine- made from opium poppy, used for treating serve pain, is addicting -
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-health records were superstitious and called upon gods to fix them
-physicians were priests
-they used medicine to heal diseases and treated disorders with leeches -
dicovered sulfonamide compounds, first med that was effective in killing bacteria
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Pioneers learned to treat a variety of illness and disease with stone tools, which they advanced the practice where it is still used commonly today
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-they determined that illness were natural, rather than spiritual cases
-they did not allow bodies to be dissected
-Hippocrates wrote the standard of ethics -
-disease was caused by the lack of sanitation, brought clean water into cities they also built filtering systems
-Roman’s were the first to organize medical care
-public building for the sick were established -
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-only practiced in convents and monasteries because the church believed that life or death was in gods hands and monks didn’t care how the body functioned
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primary treatment by prayer
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caused millions of deaths during this period
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building of university’s and medics schools for research
Search for new ideas abt diseases
Acceptance of dissection
Development of the printing press and publishing books for greater knowledge -
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Studied and recorded anatomy for the body
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discovered the fallopian tubes of the female
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discovered the tube leading from nose to throat
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he was first to describe the circulation of blood and pumping of the heart -
invented the microscope and discovered bacteria that causes tooth decay
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early pharmacies engaged in flourishing trade in drugs
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discovered the bifocals and found that colds can be passed -
study medicine, dissects the body and observe the disease process
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discovered the element oxygen, observed that plans refresh air that have lost oxygen making respiration
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Discover method for vaccination for smallpox, saved millions of live, discovery led to immunization and prevent medicine to pubic health
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Invented the stethoscope, increased ability to hear the heart and lungs allowing doctors to see if disease was present -
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Identified the cause of childbed fever, lead to fewer deaths, people would deliver babies with dirty hands
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attracted women into his nursing school, founder of modern nursing
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father of microbiology, discovered that tiny organisms are everywhere, proved that microorganisms can cause disease, milk prevented growth of bacteria and created vaccine for rabies
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discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms and cannot be see with a microscope -
learned about Pasteurs discovery that microorganisms cause infection, he used carbolic acid on wounds to kill germs that cause infection he became the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery
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developed asepsis, he developed a menthol to keep an area germ free during surgery
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discovered many disease causing organisms he developed a culture plate method to identify pathogens and introduced the importance of cleanliness and sanitation.
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discovered the effect of medicine for disease causing microorganisms, discoveries brought upon the use of chemicals to fight disease, completed 606 experiment
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discovered X-rays -
people used to chew leafs or go unconscious to avoid pain,
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found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria,
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discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind and determined it worked with the body this lead to the understanding of psychomatic illness -
discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis
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discovered the molecular structure of DNA
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performed the first successful heart transplant
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Is a pioneer in separating Siamese twins, preforming hemispheres, surgeries on the brain to stop seizures -
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An unborn off spring grows inside the uterus of a women -
people infected with multi drug resistant tuberculosis can be treated successfully by developing community based treatment models.
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poor pre natal health can damage the function of insulin producing cells in the pancreas. So they found a vaccine called d15-29 which stimulates the immune system
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identified molecular mechanism membrane in the liver that explains how eating foods rich in saturated fats and acids causes elevated blood levels of bad cholesterol, the Hms genetics team created a DNA sequencing technology
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Found that environmental stimuli activate certain sections in dna enhancing the process which messenger rnas are created, this encahces helps driving gene expression
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using electronic devices to exchange medical information and data -
act to increase protein translation, potential immunity against infectious and other virus