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Mexico becomes an independent nations after defeating Spain. Texas Transitions from Spanish to Mexican rule, opening the door to U.S. settlers. -
Stephen F. Austin leads 300 families to settle in Texas, establishing the first Anglo-American colony. Known as the "Father of Texas -
Texan settlers resist Mexican troops attempting to seize a cannon. Their “Come and Take It” flag becomes the first symbol of Texas resistance. -
Outnumbered Texans, including Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie, fight for 13 days before being defeated by Santa Anna’s army. Inspires the battle cry, “Remember the Alamo!” -
On March 2, delegates sign the Texas Declaration of Independence at Washington-on-the-Brazos, forming the Republic of Texas. -
Sam Houston’s army defeats Santa Anna in an 18-minute battle, securing Texas independence and capturing the Mexican general. -
Texas becomes the 28th state of the U.S., ending its time as an independent republic. The annexation leads to the Mexican–American War. -
Texas secedes from the Union and joins the Confederate States during the Civil War. Many Texans serve in battles across the South. -
On June 19, General Gordon Granger announces the end of slavery in Galveston. This day becomes known as Juneteenth — celebrating freedom for all enslaved people. -
Texas approves its current constitution, establishing the state government structure still used today.