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Many spoke tribal languages: Celtic, Irish, Cornish etc
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Core of Latin lexis:
street from strata
chester from castra (fortified military camp) eg in Manchester -
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Brought in common terms e.g. land, food etc and action/regular verbs
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Ed the Confessor was on the English throne but needed an heir, Harold from England received the throne. William (France/Normandy) waited for the easter invasions to finish, attacked from the south and became ruler of England. French was now high prestige in England (Old English + French - accommodation).
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People in England slowly changed how they pronounced long vowels. Words kept their old spelling, but the sounds changed, which is why English spelling is confusing today. E.g. house used to sound like “hoose”
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Act that declared “All official businesses will now be conducted in English” — English gained a higher status.
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William Caxton introduced the printing press to London. Mass production = beginning of standardised spelling and punctuation
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believed there was a superfluity of letters in spelling. Also observed there were "corruptions" and "confusion and disorder"
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Foundational educational and linguistic text arguing for the use of English over Latin in education and provided a "general table" of 8,000 words to standardise English spelling, aiming to promote national pride and intellectual development in English. Mulcaster had a desire for stabilisation in spelling.
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Full of metaphorical language, Ye = the and Yt = that. Everyone had to have a Bible but they were all different, this brought standardisation. -eth inflection, no used of "do" with negatives, his instead of its, prepositions with different meanings, an used before "h".
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