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A conflict between Britain and China over trade and the illegal opium trade, leading to China’s defeat and increased Western influence. -
After the Franco-Prussian War, the German Empire was proclaimed, uniting German states under Prussian leadership. -
A conflict between the British Empire and the Boers in South Africa, resulting in Boer victory and limited British influence. -
European powers met to divide Africa into colonies, marking the start of the “Scramble for Africa.” -
Wilhelm II became Emperor of Germany, leading the empire through militarization and an aggressive foreign policy. -
A colonial standoff between France and Britain in Sudan, nearly leading to war before a diplomatic resolution was reached. -
A larger and bloodier conflict between Britain and the Boer Republics, resulting in British victory and control over South Africa. -
Anti-foreign, anti-Christian uprising in China, which was eventually crushed by an international coalition. -
King Leopold II of Belgium began the brutal colonization of Congo, exploiting the region for rubber and other resources. -
A diplomatic confrontation between France and Germany over Morocco, heightening tensions before WWI. -
Balkan League fought the Ottoman Empire to free European territories, resulting in significant territorial losses for the Ottomans. -
A conflict between the Balkan League members over the spoils of the First Balkan War, leading to territorial reshuffling in the Balkans. -
World War I began with Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia, triggering a conflict that engulfed Europe.