islam timeline By horesgirlzoey! Period: 570 to 570 Muhammad born Period: 610 to 610 Muhammad's First Religious Experience Period: 613 to 613 - Muhammad Begins Preachin Period: 622 to 613 Muhammad flees Yathrib - Yathrib is later renamed Medina, this date is the beginning of the Muslim calendar Period: 628 to 628 Muhammad and his followers take over Mecca Period: 632 to 619 Muhammad Dies - Muhammad's Father in Law is appointed as caliph (successor) to Muhammad Period: 652 to 650 Islam Spreads - Islam spreads into Syria, Palestine, Iran, Egypt and parts North Africa Period: 660 to 661 Umayyads gain power - The fourth caliph to Muhammad, Ali is assassinated transitioning power Umayyads Period: 711 to 711 Muslims conquer Spain for the first time Period: 750 to 750 Abbasids overthrow Umayyads - Abbasids were a rival clan to the Umayyads Period: 750 to 750 Umayyads control the region of Spain Period: 756 to 756 Abd al- Rahman, last Umayyad prince takes over Muslim Spain Period: 912 to 912 Abd al- Rahman III assumes power - He rebels against Arab leaders who had been challenging the authority of the Umayyad dynasty Period: 929 to 929 Abd al- Rahman III proclaimed himself caliph Period: 933 to 933 All of Muslim Spain united under Abd al-Rahman III Period: 1000 to 1000 30 volume medical encyclopedia produced Period: 1258 to 1258 Mongols kill the last Abbasid caliph - Mongols invaded Baghdad ending the Abbasid reign Period: 1290 to 1330 Ottomans (Turkish Muslims) start opposing Byzantine controlled cities Period: 1452 to 1453 Ottomans end Byzantine Empire with takeover of Constantinople Period: 1520 to 1566 Height of Ottoman power Period: 1526 to 1526 Mughal empire invades India - The Mughals conquered North and Central India Period: 1555 to 1556 Akbar the Great comes to power - This created a Golden Age for Muslim Indi Period: 1587 to 1629 Peak of Safavid Empire Period: 1626 to 1658 Peak of Mughal Empire - Led by Akbar the Great's grandson, Shah Jahan Period: 1722 to 1722 Afghan warriors invade and end Safavid empire Period: 1856 to 1857 Last Mughal Emperor exiled - This happened when the British gained control of India Period: 1900 to 1900 End of the Ottoman Empire - long reigns and success attributed to religious tolerance