Islam By HermesEpic 570 Muhammad is born Muhammad was born 610 Muhammad's First Religious Experience 613 Muhammad begins preaching 622 Muhammad flees Yathrib 628 Muhammad and his followers take over Mecca 632 Muhammad Dies 652 Islam Spreads 661 Umayyads gain power 711 Muslims conquer Spain for the first time 750 Abbasids overthrow Umayyads 756 Abd al-Rahman, last Umayyad prince takes over Muslim Spain 912 Abd al-Rahman III assumes power 929 Abd al-Rahman III proclaimed himself caliph 933 All of Muslim Spain united under Abd al-Rahman III 1000 30 volume medical encyclopedia produced 1258 Mongols kill the last Abbasid caliph Period: 1290 to 1330 Ottomans (Turkish Muslims) start opposing Byzantine controlled cities 1453 Ottomans end Byzantine Empire with takeover of Constantinople Period: 1520 to 1566 Height of Ottoman power 1526 Mughal empire invades India 1556 Akbar the Great comes to power Period: 1588 to 1629 Peak of Safavid Empire Period: 1628 to 1658 Peak of Mughal Empire 1722 Afghan warriors invade and end Safavid empire 1857 Last Mughal Emperor exiled 1900 End of the Ottoman Empire