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- Yathrib is later renamed Medina, this date is the beginning of the Muslim calendar
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Muhammad's Father in Law is appointed as caliph (successor) to Muhammad
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Islam spreads into Syria, Palestine, Iran, Egypt and parts North Africa
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The fourth caliph to Muhammad, Ali is assassinated transitioning power Umayyads
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Abbasids were a rival clan to the Umayyads
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Rahman, last Umayyad prince takes over Muslim Spain
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- He rebels against Arab leaders who had been challenging the authority of the Umayyad dynasty
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Abd al-
Rahman III
proclaimed himself
caliph -
All of
Muslim Spain
united under Abd
al-Rahman III -
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Mongols
invaded Baghdad
ending the Abbasid
reign -
Ottomans
(Turkish
Muslims) start
opposing
Byzantine
controlled cities -
Ottomans
end Byzantine
Empire with
takeover of
Constantinople -
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The Mughals conquered North and Central India
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This created a Golden Age for Muslim India
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Led by Akbar the Great's
grandson, Shah
Jahan -
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This happened
when the British
gained control of
India -
long reigns and
success attributed
to religious
tolerance