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The Incas migrated and settled in the Cuzco Valley, establishing their capital kingdom of Cuzco. -
Pachacuti rises to power, defeats the Chancas to control the Cuzco Valley, initiating the expansion of the Inca empire. -
Pachacuti begins a rebuilding program in the Inca Capital and founds Machu Picchu in the High Andes. -
The Incas conquer the Chimu civilization, and the reign of Inca Tupac occurs, who doubles the size of the Inca empire. -
The empire reaches its greatest territorial extent under the rule of Huayna Capac. -
Capac dies from smallpox, leading to a civil war between his sons Huascar and Atahualpa. -
Atahualpa wins the civil war, and the Inca empire reaches its greatest extent. -
Francisco Pizarro, leading Spanish conquistadors, arrive in the empire. -
During the Battle of Cajamarca, Pizarro captures Atahualpa, holding him for ransom. Atahualpa is then executed, leading to the fall of the Inca Empire. -
Pizarro takes the Inca Capital of Cuzco.