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The U.S. government, rather than using a lottery or auction, decided on a chaotic and dangerous "land run" method which opened the "Unassigned Lands" for settlement. Thousands of people raced to claim a 160-acre plot. The government gained authority to manage this land by specifically targeting the 5 civilized tribes with a new amendment, even though, originally the land had been promised to the Native Americans. -
Ellis Island located in New York Harbor, was a process opened for the entry of millions of immigrants. Approximately, 12 million immigrants passed through. Ellis Island had a medical inspection and legal questions for immigrants that could lead to them being denied citizenship in the U.S.