How Different Forms of Government Affected Ancient Civilizations By how_about_no;) 4000 BCE The first civilizations formed in Mesopotamia 2680 BCE Egyptian civilizations were ruled by pharaohs 800 BCE The Greeks developed a new system of government 776 BCE The Athenians invented democracy 634 BCE The Muslim expansion spread Islamic government 600 BCE The Romans spread their government through conquests 546 BCE The Persian takeover led to new forms of government 332 BCE Alexander the Great mixed Persian and Greek forms of government 48 BCE Julius Caesar switched Rome from a republic to a dictatorship 590 The popes established Christian authority in Europe 1060 European kings built huge empires 1517 The Reformation challenged the church's authority
