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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early beginnings
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3900 BCE
Disease caused by
Supernatural spirts -
3600 BCE
Treatments for sick
They performed ceremonies to exorcise evil spirits. -
3100 BCE
Medics used today
Digitalis-used to treat heart conditions
quinines-controls fever, relives muscle spasms, prevents malaria
Belladonna-relives muscle spasms mainly in the gastrointestinal pain
Morphine-treats severe pain and is addicting -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Health records- they kept accurate health records
Who are physicians-the priests
How did they heal-they used medicines -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
Development of acupuncture- Chinese were the first to use acupuncture -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
Illness cause Nature vs. Spiritual-religion allowed for body’s to be dissected
Dissection-religion allowed it
Hippocrates-wrote the standard of ethics called the oath of Hippocrates -
Period: 400 BCE to 800 BCE
Dark ages
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100
Ancient Roman
Sanitation system-they brought clean water to there city by aqueducts and they learned it from the Greeks
Organize medical care-they were the first to organize medical care
Hospital development-they sent medical equipment to their armies to care for soliders wounds -
500
Stopped the study of medicine, why?
because the church believes life and death was in gods hands -
700
How do hey treat disease?
The church and priests believed that they should only use prayer -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Ages
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1100
Epidemics
caused millions of deaths from the bubonic plague some other diseases included smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis and tuberculosis -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1450
Rebirth
Universities-during this period new scientific progress began
Dissection-they now accepted dissection
Books-they started documenting information in books and printing them -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th centuries
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1515
Leonardo da Vinci
He recorded and studied anatomy of the body -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
He discovered female anatomy including the Fallopian tubes -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
He found the tubes leading from the ear to the throat -
William Harvey
He learned to understand physiology and he discovered the pumping of the heart and blood flow -
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek
He invented the microscope and and found out that there are things alive that are smaller than the eye can see. He also found bacteria on his teeth -
Apothecaries
Apothecaries are early pharmacies that provided drugs and spices from the east -
Benjamin Franklin
He discovered bifocals and discovered that cold can be passed from person to person -
Period: to
18th century
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Medical students learning
The student attended lectures, observed patients and when the patient died they would dissect it and observe the disease process. -
Joseph Priestley
He discovered oxygen and how oxygens are a source of oxygen which makes it usable for respiration -
Edward Jenner
He discovered a vaccine for smallpox’s. His discovery saved millions of lives -
Rene Laennec
She invented the stethoscope, the first one was made from wood. It makes it easier to hear the heart and lungs to check for disease -
Period: to
19th and 20th centuries
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Ignaz Semmelweis
He discovered the cause for an illness that woman received after giving birth. The cause was doctors not cleaning their tools and equipment between surgeries and people -
Louis Pasteur
He discovered that small microorganisms are everywhere. He discovered that they cause disease. He also created a vaccine for rabies in 1885 -
Dmitri Ivanovski
He discovered microorganisms and how they cause disease and can’t be seen under a microscope and they are called viruses -
Joseph Lister
He used carbolic axis to kill germs that cause infection and he was the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery. -
Ernst von Bergmann
He developed asepsis. He developed a way to keep a area germ free before surgery -
Robert Koch
He developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and more. He also introduced the importance of keeping things clean and sanitiation -
Paul Ehrlich
He discovered the effects of medicine on disease and discovered that one treatment only effects some diseases and not all -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Wilhelm Roentgen Discovered x-rays that allowed you to see in the body and discover what’s wrong -
Anesthesia
Before anesthesia they used herbs, hashish and alcohol to help with the pain of surgery. They also choked people to cause unconsciousness. Multiple people even died for this -
Sir Alexander Fleming
Found the penicillin killed life threatening bacteria -
Sigmund Freud
He discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the Brain and he found out that the mind and body work together -
Gerhard Domagk
He discovered sulfonamide compounds that were the first medication effective in killing bacteria -
Jonas Salk
He found that dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis a disease that paralyzed thousands of people each year -
Albert Sabin
He used a live polio virus vaccine which is used to immunize babies against the disease -
Francis Crick and James Watson
They discovered the structure of DNA and how it replicates. They won a Nobel prize for their discovery -
Christian Barnard
Performed the first successful heart transplant -
Ben Carson
He separated Siamese twins and performs surgeries on the Brain to stop seizures -
Period: to
21st century
1)Telemedicine-Provides healthcare using technology when patients are not able to go to the doctor 2)the ability to reattach body parts 3)the ability to transplant organs 4)eliminating possible diseases for a patient through genetic research 5)the advancement in technology for caring for unborn children