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America borrowed from the English heritage. The 3 important institutions were the sheriff, the constable, and the watch. The constable had the responsibility of enforcing the law and the watch patrolled the city.
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Was established in the United States. Many of the first American police departments were expanded versions of watch of existing watch systems.
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A period in U.S. history when the police derived much of their legitimacy and authority through political patronage.
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Modern technology was introduced. The telephone, the 2 way radio, and the patrol car were introduced.
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The United States experienced a series of upheavals- Supreme Court decisions expanding the scope of individual rights.
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Changing of the demographic profile of police officers; a deeper understanding of the complexity of the police role and how departments should address crime and disorder.
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Brought by colonists and included English common law, high value on individual rights, the court systems, forms of punishment, and different forms of law enforcement.
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Darren Wilson shot and killed Michel Brown, an unarmed 18 year old African American. The shooting triggered angry protestors and it escalated into violence and looting.
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Technology is being upgraded significantly. The use of a-i can collect data and help with predictive policing.