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   According to legend, Rome was founded by and Romulus and Remus According to legend, Rome was founded by and Romulus and Remus
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   Rome transitions from monarchy to a republic, ruled by elected officials Rome transitions from monarchy to a republic, ruled by elected officials
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   Rome fights Carthage and gains control of Sicily marking the start of its expansion beyond Italy Rome fights Carthage and gains control of Sicily marking the start of its expansion beyond Italy
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   Rome defeats Hannibal of Carthage, securing it dominance in the western Mediterranean Rome defeats Hannibal of Carthage, securing it dominance in the western Mediterranean
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   Rome destroys Carthage ending the Third Punic War and gaining control North Africa Rome destroys Carthage ending the Third Punic War and gaining control North Africa
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   Julius Caesar is assassinated, leading to the end of Rome of the Roman Republic and contact with the island Julius Caesar is assassinated, leading to the end of Rome of the Roman Republic and contact with the island
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   Julius Caesar leads two expeditions to Britain marking Rome's first contact with the island Julius Caesar leads two expeditions to Britain marking Rome's first contact with the island
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   Octavian [later Augustus] becomes the Roman Emperor, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire Octavian [later Augustus] becomes the Roman Emperor, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire
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   The Roman Emperor Claudius orders the invasion of Britain, beginning Roman rule over the island The Roman Emperor Claudius orders the invasion of Britain, beginning Roman rule over the island
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   A massive fire destroys much of Rome, leading to the first persecution of Christians by Emperor Nero A massive fire destroys much of Rome, leading to the first persecution of Christians by Emperor Nero