Ethical philosopher

Socrates

470 BCE

History
-Born in deme alopece, Athens - Died at the age of 71
Cause of death : sentenced to death by drinking hemlock.
Contribution
- A classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of western philosophy, and as being the first moral philosopher of the western ethical traditional of thought.
- An enigmatic figure, he made no writings, and is known chiefly though the account of classical writer writing after his lifetime, particularly for his student Plato and Xenophon.

Plato

427 BCE

History
- Born and died in Athens, Greece
- His real name was Aristocles
Contribution
- Was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the pivotal figure in the development of Western philosophy.
- Notable ideas are Platonic philosophy, Agathos Kai sophos, Demiurge and many more.

Aristotle

384 BCE

History
-Born in the city of Stagira, chalkidiki in north of classical Greece.
Greece Education: Platonic Academy (367BC-347BC)
Contribution
-"Father of Western philosophy"
- A towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, making contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, agriculture, medicine, dance and theatre. He was a student of Plato who in turn studied under Socrates.

Augustine

354 BCE

History
- Was a Roman African, early christian theologian and philosopher from Numidia whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy.
- A bishop of Hippo Regius in north Africa.
Contribution
- Established a new Ancient Faith
- Developed his own approach to philosophy and theology, accommodating a variety of methods and perspective's.
- Help in formulating the doctrine of original sin and made seminal contribution to developed the "Just war theory".

Thomas Aquinas

Jan 28, 1225

History
- An Italian priest "Saint Thomas Aquinas".Born in Roccasecca Italy - Died in Fossanova Abbey Italy
Education: University of Paris and University of Naples Federico
Contribution
He was the foremost classical proponent of natural theology at the peak of Scholasticism in Europe, and the founder of the Thomistic school of philosophy and theology
He was an immensely influential philosopher, theologian and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism, within which he is also known as the doctor

Francis Bacon

Jan 22, 1561

• Former lord chancellor Francis Bacon, 1st viscount St Alban, PC QC was an English philosopher and statesman. -His more valuable work was philosophical. Bacon took up Aristotelian ideas, arguing for an empirical, inductive approach, known as the scientific method, which is the foundation of modern scientific inquiry.
• His works are credited with developing the scientific method, and remained influential though.

Rene Descartes

Mar 31, 1596

• Born in Descartes, indre-et-loire - Died in Stockholm, Sweden.
• French philosopher, Mathematician, and scientists. -French mathematician and philosopher was born in 1596. In recognition of his contribution, he is often referred as “father or founder father of modern philosophy”.
• A native of kingdom of France, he spent about 20 years of his life in the dutch republic after serving for a while in the dutch states army of Maurice of Nassau.

John Locke

Aug 29, 1632

(29 August 1632 –28 October 1704)
History
-Born in wrington, somersct, England - Died at the age of 72 in High laver, Essex, England.
Education: Christ Church, oxford
-His work greatly affected the development of epistemology and political philosophy.
- His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.

Immanuel Kant

Apr 22, 1724

April 22,1724 - Feb. 12, 1804
-Born and died in Konigsberg
Influenced: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Arthur Schopenhauer
- In his doctrine of transcendetial idealism, he argued that space, time and causation are mere sensibility: "things a in a themselves"
- A German philosopher who is a central figure in modern philosophy
-His contributions to metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics have had a profound impact on almost every philosophical movement that followed him

Goerg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Aug 27, 1770

Aug. 27, 1770 - Nov. 14, 1832
- Born in Stuttgart Germany - Died in Berlin Germany.
Education: Tùbingen (1788-1790) and Eberhard-Ludwig's gymnasium.
Influenced: Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, and more.
- Was a German philosopher and an important figure of German idealism.
Contribution
- He achieved wide recognition in his day and—while primarily influential within the continental tradition of philosophy—has become increasingly influential in the analytic tradition as well.

Charles Robert Darwin

Feb 12, 1809

• Born in the mount house, strewsbury UK - Died in Down House, Downe UK.
• Was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.
• In a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace, he introduced his scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial selection involved in selective breeding.

John Dewey

Oct 20, 1859

Oct. 20, 1859 - June 1, 1952
-Arguably the most influential thinker on education in the twentieth century, Dewey's contribution lies along several fronts. His attention to experience and reflection, democracy and community, and to environments for learning have been seminal.An american philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer whose ideas have been influencial in education and social reform.Well-known public intellectual he was also a mayor voice of progressive education and liberalism