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   According to legend, Rome was founded by Romulus According to legend, Rome was founded by Romulus
 and Remus
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   Rome transitions from monarchy to a republic, ruled Rome transitions from monarchy to a republic, ruled
 by elected officials.
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   Rome fights Cartage and gains control of Sicily, marking the start of its expansion beyond Italy. Rome fights Cartage and gains control of Sicily, marking the start of its expansion beyond Italy.
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   Rome destroys Carthage ending The Third Punic War Rome destroys Carthage ending The Third Punic War
 and gaining control of North Africa.
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   Julius Caesar leads two expeditions to Britain making Rome 's first contact with the island. Julius Caesar leads two expeditions to Britain making Rome 's first contact with the island.
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   Julius Caesar assassinated, leading to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. Julius Caesar assassinated, leading to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
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   Rome defeats Hannibal of Carthage, securing its Rome defeats Hannibal of Carthage, securing its
 dominance in the western Mediterranean.