-
Comenius was a Czech educator who wrote the first picture book for children. This book was called Orbis Pictus, which guided teachers how to teach incoporating nature. Comenius believed that education should go in natural order, as well as everyone learns at their own pace. He also believed in "learning by doing." These three beliefs of Comenius is now reflected in our modern day Montessori schools.
-
Locke was an English philosopher, who founded societies modern day philosophy on education. Locke's belief was based of of the idea: every child is born as a clean slate, and is then becomes who they are by experiences of parents, society, education, and the world. Locke was the first educator to open the idea of teaching individuals, than a group, and how each student has their own needs. He emphasized fundamental education, while keeping education fun.
-
Rousseau was a Swiss writer, that ideolized that that children weren't born nuetral, instead, they were born naturally good. Rousseau is known for his book Emile, which followed a fiction child to adulthood. Rousseau proposed that education should be flexible and should meet each childs needs. These principals are still followed on early child hood classrooms like preschool, daycare, or early elementary, as free play, song, and crafts are incorporated into their day to day.
-
Pestalossi is a swiss educator, he believed that education was formed with nature study, and that good education was measured by the development of the senses, as well is it should be of all of you. Pestalozzi taught basic skills, and caring for you, your peers, and for generally everything. Pestalossi believed in group teaching, and a standard curriculum, which is reflected in most modern schools today.
-
Owen was an industrialist and first created an idea, for families working in the mills, where children quickly started to work. Owen's idea was Infant school, for ages 3-10 based on guidance, it included nature, song/dance, and stories. Owen and his children brought the idea of Infant school to the United States. While Infant School failed, his ideologies are still used in kindergarten and nurseries.
-
Froebel is considered the father of Kindergarten. While he experienced an unhappy childhood, he thought that all children should have a happy place to grow, creating kindergarten (german for children's garden). Forebel believed in friendliness, play, and discoveries as a young child. Which is reflected into kindergarten today.
-
Germany was the first country to have kindergarten. Kindergarten has gone through many social changes throughout the years. At first it was for poor students and then it went to be led by churches. The kindergarten we know today is the first grade that students enter when they go to school to help them become more independent and prepared for the following grades.
-
Steiner was an Austrian philosopher, known for Waldorf education, a school system still used globaly (emphasized in Europe) Steiner includes play and nature into this school system, as well as self-regulation learned by the student, and focus' on the belief that self-motivation and willingness comes from the child, but also focus on unity within the school community.
-
Montessori was a female physician working Rome, with children in slums and intellectual disabilities. She opened a preschool providing basic needs for these children. Eventually creating materials, classrooms, and a teaching style needed for young children. Montessori Method - was created using her observations on a child's growth and their needs, each child practices their own learning. This teaching style was frowned upon in the U.S, however still a private school system used today.
-
Niell is the most modern historical figure believing in the free/natural school idea. He believes that children are naturally wise and realistic, which allowed him to pursue his natural school idea. These ideas are now used in the Outdoor Classroom project.
-
The first reform was seen, and acted by Maria Montessori as she started the preschool in the slums of Rome, to provide the kids in poverty a proper education, which was not accepted by the society at first. Since then, there has been advocacy groups for youth education and services, like High Start. A Social Reform helps turn the odds of those who don't have many, and change their odds.
-
These were schools that provided physical, emotional, and intellectual needs for children; nurturing them. Essentially nursery schools were for fostering a child's total development. Initially for upper and working class families, few for poorer community members. But, are now available for everyone, and now reflects like a child daycare or preschool.
-
Sputnik was the Soviet Union's satelite, the first in space. Creating the "space race" and made America want to increase and empower America's education. Leading, to an uptick in funding for school or education organization.
-
High Scope was an organization funded by the government focused on children in poverty and their developmental growth. High Scope was also an experiment that identified school experiences in relation to developmental growth, leading to positive impacts in Early Childhood Education.
-
This organization was to help the children fighting poverty, created by the government to help those children living in poverty. This organization produces on providing education, social, medical, nutritional, and mental service to these students. Head Statrt would works with hgelat services, small groups, and parents to help the community and involve the less fortunate children. Additionally, all parents with their children would learn in this program, and the program began to grow.
-
DAP stands for Developmental Appropriate Practices. This means that their definite appropraitations to a child family, culture, and age, to individual characteristics of a child. This will reflect the childs identity as well as measuring their development.
-
With advancements and tools in technology, technology has officially integrated into childhood, which is not going to leave anytime soon. With this new factor into childhood it is to be looked at with balance, and how to be include in the children's lives. Although, technology is in a child's life it is causing them to grow up to fast, make sure the child is still a child, and not an adult.
-
A legislation passed that requires all schools that received federal funds to require standardized test, improvement of school performance, hand out report cards, and have all teachers have minimum training.
-
In 2010 standards for K-12 in Math and English were published.