Earth's history

By Adriana Alonso Vargas
  • Period: 4600 BCE to 570 BCE

    Precambrian

    Guide fossil: Stromatolites.
    Geological events: Origin of the Earth. High volcanic activity. 1ST supercontinent called Rodinia, lately Panotria when it separates. 1ST orogens.
    Climate events: Low temperatures (4000º). 1ST global glaciation (-12º). Oxidant atmosphere and ozone layer.
  • First signs of life
    3800 BCE

    First signs of life

    Precambrian. There were unicellullar procariots cells (bacterias).
  • Photosyntetic bacterias
    2800 BCE

    Photosyntetic bacterias

    Precambrian. There were unicellullar procariots cells, that realized the photosyntesis and produce oxygen. This oxygen was acommulated in the atmosphere, turning an oxydant atmosphere. The oxigenated photosyntetic bacterias are cyanobacterias.
  • Eucaryotes cells
    1800 BCE

    Eucaryotes cells

    Precambrian. There were the first eucaryotes cells (animals).
  • First pluricellullar organisms and ediacaran fauna
    600 BCE

    First pluricellullar organisms and ediacaran fauna

    Precambrian. Appears the first pluricellullar organisms and the ediacaran fauna (complex forms of life/invertebrates).
  • Arthropods and cephalopods
    570 BCE

    Arthropods and cephalopods

    Cambrian. There were the first mollusks (arthropods and cephalopods).
  • Period: 570 BCE to 278 BCE

    Palaeozoic

    Guide fossil: Trilobites.
    Geological events: Low geological activity. Appears Pangea and occurs the continental deriva.
    Climatic events: Warm and wet enviroment, lately it became cold (glaciation).
  • First fish (agnates)
    500 BCE

    First fish (agnates)

    Ordovician. There were the first fish without jaw (agnates). Diversification of invertebrates (sponges, annelids, mollusks, crustaceans).
  • First fish with jaw
    435 BCE

    First fish with jaw

    Silurian. There were the first fish with jaw.
  • First plants without flower (gymnosperms)
    435 BCE

    First plants without flower (gymnosperms)

    Silurian. There were the first marine and terrestrial plants without flowers (gymnosperms).
  • First masive extinction
    435 BCE

    First masive extinction

    Silurian. There was the first masive extinction of around the 90% of marine species.
  • First plants with flower (angiosperms)
    395 BCE

    First plants with flower (angiosperms)

    Devonian. The first plants with flowers appears.
  • First insects and amphibians
    395 BCE

    First insects and amphibians

    Devonian. First insects and first amphibian appears. They were huge and gigantic.
  • Vegetal charcoal
    347 BCE

    Vegetal charcoal

    Carboniferous. There were a lot of accumulated vegetal matter under sediments, that turned into vegetal charcoal.
  • Second masive extintion
    347 BCE

    Second masive extintion

    Carboniferous. There was the second masive extintion of a lot of marine and terrestrial species.
  • Winged insects
    347 BCE

    Winged insects

    Carboniferous. There were the first winged and gigant insects.
  • Third masive extintion
    280 BCE

    Third masive extintion

    Permian. There was the third masive exxtintion of around the 90% of the marine and terrestrial species. Also, tehre was the absolute extintion of trilobites and synapids (ancestors of mammals).
  • Period: 250 BCE to 67 BCE

    Mesozoic

    Guide fossil: Ammonites.
    Geological events: Pangea fragment. High volcanic activity. The ocean Atlantic and Indic were formed. Meteorite impact.
    Climate events: Dry climate. There weren't glaciations. Greenhouse effect.
  • First mammals
    225 BCE

    First mammals

    Triassic. There were the first mammals.
  • First reptiles
    225 BCE

    First reptiles

    Triassic. There were the first reptiles.
  • First dinosaurs
    225 BCE

    First dinosaurs

    Triassic. There were the first dinosaurs.
  • First birds
    135 BCE

    First birds

    Jurassic. There were the first birds.
  • Fourth masive extintion
    135 BCE

    Fourth masive extintion

    Jurassic. There was the fourth masive extintion of gigants amphibians and ferns.
  • Plesiosaurs
    135 BCE

    Plesiosaurs

    Jurassic. There were the marine dinosaurs.
  • Fifth masive extition
    66 BCE

    Fifth masive extition

    Cretaceous. There was the fifth masive extintion of dinasaurs and pleciosaurs.
  • First primates
    65 BCE

    First primates

    Palaeogene. There were the first primates.
  • Marine mammals
    65 BCE

    Marine mammals

    Palaeogene. There was the diversification of marine mammals.
  • Period: 65 BCE to 1 CE

    Cenozoic

    Guide fossil:Nummulites.
    Geological events: Continental drift. Orogens were formed. South and North America get together. Cnary Islands appears.
    Climate events: Polar ice caps were formed. Longer cooling and 4 huge glaciations. Ice Age.
  • Mega species
    23 BCE

    Mega species

    Neogene. There were mega species (mammoths, megalodon, saber-toothed cat)
  • First hominids.
    23 BCE

    First hominids.

    Neogene. There were the first homi nids, our predecessors.
  • Sixth masive extintion
    3 BCE

    Sixth masive extintion

    Quaternary. There was the sixth masive extintion of mega species.
  • Seventh masive extintion
    3 BCE

    Seventh masive extintion

    Quaternary. The seventh masive extintion is caused by humans.
  • Homo Sapiens
    2 BCE

    Homo Sapiens

    Quaternary. First Homo Sapiens appears. Currently, It's us.