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Alliance System Building
Before World War I, countries made alliances so that they had allies and could protect themselves incase of war. When WWI started, Germany and Italy were allies. Germany and Italy had strong ties even before the war and this upset the balance of power. France's and Germany's alliance systems were designed so that the cost of war would be too high but the system is what led to WWI. -
U-Boats and Unrestricted Warfare
The destruction of enemy shipping by German U-Boats occured in 1914-1918. The Americans then joined in to the war because of the announcement that Germany was failing on the Western front. The Germans used U-boats to sink the ships going across the atlantic to ship things from the US, Canada, Argentina, Austria, and New Zealand. -
Entry of the US - Zimmerman Telegram
Between 1914 and 1917 the European nation engaged in a conflict that became known as World War I, during that time the US stayed neutral. When Germany broke its pledge to limit submarine warfare the US served diplomatic relations with Germany. In January of 1917 British cryptographers analyzed a telegram from Foreign German Minister Arthur Zimmerman to the Eckhardt. The telegram offered US territory to Mexico in return for joining the German cause. This message helped draw the US into the war. -
Trench Warfare
The first major trench lines were finished in November 1914. Some of the conditions the people fighting faced were daily deaths, sniper bullets, rat infestaton, frogs and lice. The people fighting in the war got Trench fot, which was when their feet would rot away. The trenches couldnt advance because they were dug into trenches. If they got out of the trenches they would be shot. -
Growing Militarization
France and Britain had large empires and wanted to expand overseas and build a bigger army than their enemies. Militarization increase helped push the countries involved in war because it would make them go to war more quickly. Everyone over 18 years old was forces to serve in the war. -
Growing Balkan Nationalism/Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Gavrilo Princip killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Balkan States: Serbia, Montenegro, and Romania
Nationalism in the Balkans contributed to the breakout of World War I. In the early 20th century, the Balkan states were controlled by the Ottoman Empire. However, due to the decline of their power and prestige the Balkan states found an oppritunity to gain independence. -
Sinking of Lustania
Lustania held a healthy complement of American passangers. It departed on May 1, 1915 NY from liverpool - Despite warning from German authorities. May 7, Lustania entered the most dangerous part oof its passagee. The huge 4 stacker was able to kill Lustania with a single torpedo. Lustania sunk in 18 minutes. Lost 1,195 of 1,959 passangers. 123 Americans died. -
Boshevik Revolution of 1917
Lenin was the master mind behind the Bolshevik take over of Russia. Early October Lenin convinced the Bolshevik party to form an immediate uprise of violence against the temperary government. He wanted to bring communism into Russia. He formed the USSR -
Treaty of Versailles
A peace treaty signed after World War I. It was signed by Germany and allied powes at the Palace of Versailles. The German arm was limited to a maximum of 100,00 men and a ban placed upon the use of heavy, artillery, gas tankes and air craft. -
League of Nations
TheLeague of Nations was formed at the end of WWI. ITs purpose was to make sure war never broke out again. Many looked up to the leagues as stability and peace to the world. The league was based in Geneva, Switzerland because it was a neutral country in the war. the US never joined the League of Nations. -
Spanish Civil War
General Miguel Primo de Rivera overthrough King Alfonzo XIII. This led to a civil war between right-wing nationalists and left-wing republicans. Many people didn't agree with Rivera's right-wing government which caused him to resign. It relates to WWII becase people were trying to spread facism. -
Great Depression
Mass unemployments and poverty caused great anger. When the German economy crashes Hitler came to power because he helped to fix the it. -
Stalin Coming to Power in Russia
Each plan focused on making something different. Although the plans made good improvements, there were also some serious flaws. The life for industrial workers was very hard because of the low pay, the long hours, and the bad working conditions. In 1941 the problems and hardship caused by the Five Years Plan transformed Russia into a world class industrial power. -
Stalin Coming to Power in Russia
Stalin came into power in 1929 for 3 reasons- his Five Years Plan, Collectivization, and the Purges. Stalin became a follower of Lenin and turned to Marxism. Stalin realized he had to modernize Russia or else she would fall apart when he became leader. Stalin introduced his Five Years Plan which brought all industry under cotrol by the state. Stalin was different from Lenin because Stalin was mean. -
German Invasion of Poland
German attacked Poland on September 1st, 1939. The attack, code-named Operation White, started when the Blitzkrieg destroyed the Polish military. Poland eventually surrendered to the Germans. This helped to started world war II. -
Fall of France
Hitler used a Blitzkrieg attacks and occupied Europe in 6 weeks. The allied forced coundn't hold them back. They were getting attacked and defeated. More than 2 million troops attacked France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. France was fighting Germany but they lost on June 22nd when they digned an armistice. This was the only way France could save itself from complete destruction. -
Evacuation of Dunkirk
The evacuation of Dunkirk was associated with the troops who were trapped on Dunkirk was were known as a "miracle". In the spring of 1940, Wehrmacht swept through Western Europe couldn;t stop the onslaught. That spring, WWII fnally began for Western Europe. tThe "Phoney War" was over. German armies trapped 330,000 British and French troops on the beaches of Dunkirk. From May 26th, 1940, small ships transferred soldiers to safety in Southern Britain. Hitler never called for the attack. -
The Battle of Britain
The Germans started the Battle of Britain and atacled Britain from the air. The objective of the battle was that the German Airforce could gain air superiority over the Royal Airforce. The battle of Britain was fought majorly with aircraft and nothing else. All the ports were the main targets as the battle progressed factories became the targets. This is officially classified as a German loss becuase they couldn't defeat the Royal AIrforce. tThis was a turning point in WWII. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
In 1941, Japan surprised attacked an American Naval Base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Japan declared was with Britain and the U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt agreed on war with Japan. The Japanese had bomers, planes carrying torpedos, targeted warcrafts and military instillatations. Within hours, 6 battleships had been sunk, 12 vessels sunk or damaged, and 164 aircrafts destroyed. The only type off machinery that survived was the 3 US aircrafts. 4,000 people were killed and 1,178 were injured. -
Attack of Pearl Harbor
The victors were Japan, after they launched a full-scale attack in South-East Asia on December 7th, 1941. Pearl Harbor is stated as " a day that will live in infamy" by President Franklin Roosevelt. -
Battle of Stalingrad
The battle of stalingrad was fought during the winter off 1942-1943. It was the turning point of World War II. The German army was in full retreat after the battle. German advances failed. Some people believe that Hitler ordered the taking of Stalingrad because of the mane of the city and because he hated Stalin. -
Battle of Midway
After the success of Pearl Harbor, on june 4,1942, the imperial japanese navy's 6 large aircraft carriers rampaged around the pacific and sunk British warships in the indian ocean and in north Australia they hammered Darwin. -
Battle of Guadalcanal
US Marines landed on August 7, 1942. The Americans defeated the Japanese after 6 months. It was a classic battle of attrition. The japanese defeat at the battle of midway forced the planners in the imperial army to reconsider their plans for expansion and concetrate on consollidating the territory thei had captured. Americans won the battle and it ensured Australia that they were safe from Japan and the invasions, and so was the sea route from Australia to America. -
D-day
160,000 allied troops landed along a french coastline to fight Nazi Germany in the beaches in Normandy, France. -
Rise of Fascism in Italy, Germany, and Japan
Fasicsm is the attitude people have towards politics and mass movement. It wants to give economical, social, and military power to a dominant race or state lead by one dominant leader. Fascists were single-party dictatorships that rejected socialism, capitalism, and democracy. Mussolini was the first fascist movement to gain power. He gathered unemployed war veterans and put them into armed squads known as the Black Shirts. Hitler's Nazi party opposed to the Treaty of Versailles and Communism. -
VE Day
VE Day means Victory in Europe Day. This day marked the end of the war in Euope. -
Bombing of Tokyo
The bombing of Tokyo used nuclear and atomic bombs called the Manhatten Project, which was started by a man named Robert. THey had a debate and decided that the American lives were the most important -
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki happened in Japan after they attacked Pearl Harbor. There wer many air raids on Japan and preperations were made to invade Japan. An American plane dropped the world's first atomic bomb over Hiroshima. It wiped out 90% of the city and killed 80,000 people. Many more died after because of ratiation poisening. The other bomb dropped in Nagasaki and 40,000 people died. In August of 1945, Japan announced its surrender, -
V-J Day
V-J Day stands for victory over Japan day. This name was chosen because Japan surrendered after the bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Japann surrender promptly ended WWII and the war in the pacific. On August 15, 1945 there was an official ceremony in Japan about the battleship USS Missouri. In Britain, people celebrated. The war was officially over.