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The UN was established to promote international peace and cooperation following World War II. It replaced the League of Nations and became the leading global organization for diplomacy and humanitarian efforts. -
U.S. President Harry Truman announced a policy of providing military and economic aid to nations resisting communism. This doctrine marked the beginning of the U.S. Cold War containment strategy. -
A group of screenwriters and directors refused to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee about alleged communist ties. They were jailed and blacklisted, marking the beginning of Hollywood’s anti-communist purge. -
A U.S. initiative to provide economic aid to war-torn European nations, aiming to prevent the spread of communism. The plan successfully revitalized Western Europe’s economies and strengthened U.S. alliances.
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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was established as a military alliance among Western nations to counter Soviet expansion. It ensured collective defense, meaning an attack on one member was considered an attack on all. -
North Korea invaded South Korea, prompting U.S. and UN intervention to repel communist forces. The war ended in a stalemate, with Korea remaining divided along the 38th parallel.
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The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, sparking the Space Race between the U.S. and the USSR. This event led to rapid advancements in space exploration and the eventual U.S. moon landing.
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A failed invasion of Cuba by U.S.-backed Cuban exiles aimed at overthrowing Fidel Castro. The operation was poorly executed, leading to the capture of most invaders and a major embarrassment for the U.S.
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The East German government, backed by the Soviet Union, erected the Berlin Wall to prevent citizens from fleeing to West Berlin. The wall became a stark symbol of Cold War division and remained in place for nearly three decades. -
The U.S. escalated its involvement in Vietnam by deploying combat troops to support South Vietnam against communist forces. This marked the beginning of a prolonged and controversial war that lasted until 1975. -
The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to support its communist government against insurgent forces. The war became a prolonged conflict, with U.S.-backed mujahideen fighters resisting Soviet occupation until their withdrawal.
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The Berlin Wall fell after East German authorities mistakenly announced unrestricted travel, leading to mass crossings and celebrations. This event symbolized the collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe and paved the way for German reunification.