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Magna Carta was a charter that limited the king's power and allowed some rights, after that the Barrons rebelled against King John because he abused his power and he also imposed illegal taxes. Magna Carta was signed by King John. -
The Ninety-Five Theses, the German monk and professor of theology Martin Luther wrote the Ninety-Five Theses. He criticized the Catholic Church and wanted to change it. This event started the Protestant Reformation.
He was excommunicated because of this. -
The Church of England separated from the Roman Catholic Church. The English Church was no longer under the authority of the Pope. The king became the head of the Church in England. Henry VIII broke with the Pope. He became head of the church and took control of the Church of England. -
During Henry VIII’s reign, the monasteries were closed. The King took their land, buildings, and money. He took their lands and money for the Crown. The beliefs of the Church stayed Catholic. Many monks and nuns had to leave their homes. This helped him become a stronger and more powerful king. -
Edward VI became king in 1547 at only 9 years old.
His parents were Henry VIII and Jane Seymour.During his reign, England changed its religion to Protestantism. New laws made the Church of England more Protestant. The Church of England stopped some Catholic practices -
Mary I was queen of England from 1553 to 1558.
She was Catholic and wanted England to be Catholic again. She punished many Protestants who didn't change their religion.They called her "Bloody Mary" because she had many people punished and killed. She wanted everyone to be Catholic, so she punished Protestants who did not change. -
The Pope excommunicated Elizabeth I. She was no longer part of the Catholic Church because she was Protestant. The pope did not agree with her religion -
This law was made when Elizabeth I was queen.
It said it was a crime to say she was not the real queen. Many people wanted another ruler, like Mary, Queen of Scots.The law helped protect Elizabeth and keep her safe.It stopped people from trying to take her place. -
Mary was Catholic and Queen of Scots. She was accused of plotting against Elizabeth I,Because of this, she was arrested and put on trial.
She was found guilty of treason. Therefore she was executed in 1587. She wore a red dress, a color for Catholic martyrs. -
Spain tried to invade England with the Spanish Armada. The purpose was to remove Elizabeth I and restore Catholicism. However, England defeated the Spanish Armada. Spain tried to attack but they failed because the English navy won the battle. This victory made England more powerful and stronger. -
King James VI of Scotland became King James I of England; after that Queen Elizabeth I died with no heir. Scotland and England had the same king.
They were still two separate countries, but shared one ruler. This event is called the Union of the Crowns. -
English settlers founded Jamestown in Virginia. They were sent by the Virginia Company to find new land and resources. Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in North America. Futhermore they also wanted to create new trade routes .Jamestown helped England start building an empire in the Americas. -
The Puritans were Protestants.They wanted to practice their religion freely. Indeed, they did not agree with many Catholic traditions still kept in the Church of England.They left England because they were not free to do this there.They traveled on a ship called the Mayflower.In 1620, they arrived in America.They founded a new colony called Plymouth. -
King Charles I ruled alone and ignored Parliament. He taxed people illegally and that caused an English Civil War between Royalists (people who supported King Charles I ) and Parliamentarists (people who were against King Charles I and led by Olivier Cromwell). Therefore, Parliamentarism managed to defeat Charles I and he was executed on January 30th,1649 for tyranny and treason. -
After King Charles I was executed, England became republican and had no king or queen to rule. Therefore, Olivier Cromwell led the country; in 1653, he became the Lord Protector until his death (1658). The monarchy returned in 1660. -
The civil war broke out because of a conflict between Parliament and the King. King James II was Catholic and wanted England to become it.
He fled England and Parliament invited William of Orange and James’ daughter: Mary II to become Queen and King of England. -
William of Orange and Mary accepted to become Queen and King. They agreed to sign the Bill of Rights, which limited the king’s power. This law limited the power of the monarch. -
Scotland and England were officially united into one country and its name was “The Kingdom of Great Britain.”They shared one Parliament in London.
Scotland kept its own legal and education systems.The Act ended the separate English and Scottish Parliaments -
Britain controlled many territories in America, the West Indies and New Zealand. Britain wanted to have more land, get more money, and be more powerful. England searched for new resources and trade routes.It also had trading posts in India and navy bases in Gibraltar and Minorca. But Britain lost the American War of Independence. As a result, it lost its American colonies. -
Ireland joined Scotland, Wales and England to form one kingdom:The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. They shared the same king.
They also shared one Parliament in London. At that time,the king was George III.