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Supreme Court denies citizenship to African Americans, intensifying pre-Civil War tensions -
Abolishes slavery nationwide -
Establishes the "separate but equal" doctrine, legalizing segregation -
Truman’s Executive Order 9981 ended racial segregation in the armed forces -
Supreme Court unanimously overturns school segregation -
Sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest -
Federal troops enforce school integration in Arkansas -
Nonviolent protests spread nationwide after four students challenged lunch counter segregation -
Police deploy dogs/fire hoses on protesters; televised brutality galvanizes support -
MLK delivers "I Have a Dream" speech; 250,000 attendees demand civil rights legislation -
KKK attack kills four Black girls -
Bans discrimination in employment, education, and public accommodations -
Prohibits discriminatory voting practices like literacy tests -
Shot in New York, exacerbating tensions between civil rights factions -
"Bloody Sunday" sees state troopers attack marchers, leading to the Voting Rights Act -
Supreme Court invalidates laws banning interracial marriage -
Sparks nationwide riots; Fair Housing Act passes days later, banning housing discrimination -
Global demonstrations against police brutality under the Black Lives Matter banner