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a black girl was denied admission to
her neighborhood school in Topeka, Kansas,
because of her race. She was told to attend an
all-black school across town. When the white school was way closer to home for her. The court ruled that that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional and violated the
equal protection clause of the Fourteenth
Amendment. -
The Montgomery buss boycott was lead by Dr. Martian Luther King Jr. The boycott was a civil rights protest where African Americans decided not to ride the busses in Montgomery. This was the first large scale protest against segregation and racism. Because of this event there more protest and boycotts to stop segregation and racism. -
the school board in Little Rock, Arkansas, won a court order requiring that nine African American students be admitted to Central High, a school with 2,000 white students. The governor of little rock ordered troops from the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the nine students from entering the school. President Eisenhower responded by federalized the Arkansas National Guard. The troops protected the students when they went to school. -
The sit in movement was led by Joseph McNeil, Ezell Blair jr., David Richmond, and Franklin McCain these men went to whites only lunch counter at the local Woolworth's store in Greensboro, North Carolina, and asked for coffee. When serviced got refused they sat waited even though they were being threatened. Because of these men new protest tactic was created the sit in -
Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode buses to the segregated south they wanted to enforce the Supreme Court decisions Morgan v. Virginia and Boynton v. Virginia these cases made segregated buses unconstitutional. The riders would get attacked also the busses they rode would get damaged -
James Howard Meredith was the first African American student admitted to the racially segregated University of Mississippi the federal appeals courted forced to university to allow his admission. Once he got there a mob of white people rioted. Because of how brave James was as times moved on move schools became desegregated -
. The purpose of the march was to advocate for the civil and economic rights of African Americans. Also to advocate and help pass the Kennedy bill. Eventually shortly after the bill was passed the Kennedy civil rights bill passed congress. The march was led by Dr. Martian Luther King Jr. -
Malcolm X was an African American leader in the civil rights movement. And supporter of Black nationalism unlike Dr. King advocated for any means instead of non violence protests
Malcolm X’s ideas influenced a new generation of militant African American leaders who also preached black power, black nationalism and economic self-sufficiency. However X was assassinated -
Minorities weren't allowed to vote since it wasn’t in the constitution. Because of this there many marches to protest like the Selma march led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The marches were organized by nonviolent activists to demonstrate the desire of African-American citizens to exercise their constitutional right to vote, in defiance of segregationist repression. They were meet by violent white groups on the Selma march . Because of this voting rights act of 1965 made voting more fair -
Many African Americans found themselves channeled into low-paying jobs with little chance of advancement. Those who did better typically found employment as blue-collar workers in factories, but most did not advance beyond that. The Black panthers were an activists group they urged African Americans to arm themselves and prepare to force whites to grant them equal rights.
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