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The NAACP was founded on February 12, 1909. In New York by a diverse group of activists. The activists were trying to fight against racial violence, lynching, and inequality. The founders of NAACP all choose to create the group on the 100th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln’s birth. All the NAACP wanted to get was equal rights that was then later guaranteed by the 13th, 14th, as well as the 15th amendments. This is now known as the nations oldest and largest civil rights organizations -
This is a two day long terrorist massacre. It took place in Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oaklahoma United States. On May 31 and June 1. The attackers burned and destroyed more than 35 square blocks. It was one of the weariest black communities in the United States. It was known as the Black Wall Street -
In 1931 nine black teenagers were falsely accused of raping two white women while they were on the train. All of the boys were 12 to 19 years old. The two women Ruby abates and Victoria Price said this happened so they wouldn’t be arrested for vagrancy. There was evidence to prove they all were innocent but besides that they all go convicted by all white jury. Each boy was sentenced to death -
Jackie Robinson has always been really good at any sport he ever played. But on April 15, 1947 he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers on there opening day. He played as the number 42. He broke the color barrier in baseball by playing in a sport that has been segregated for more than 50 years. He was just 28 when he first joined the team being the first African American in Major League Baseball. After the died the number 42 Jersey got retired so now no baseball players can use it. It will forever be his. -
The Brown Vs. Board is a landmark decision of United States. The Supreme Court ruled that U.S. State laws established racial segregation in public schools. This made the Fourteenth Amendment to help violate the Equal Protection Clause. The brown family went to court to fight against the segregation that the schools have in place -
Emmett Till was a fourteen year old that got brutally lynched in Money, Mississippi. On August 28, 1955 after he was accused of flirting with a white woman. Her name is Carolyn Bryant. Emmett got kidnapped by Roy Bryant and J.W. Milan. Till got shot and tortured. After that he was thrown into the Tallahatchie River. The people that kidnapped him and did that awful things to him was Carolyn’s husband and his half brother. After 3 days his body was found disfigured. His funeral was open casket -
This boycott is a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation. On December 1, 1955. Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. Her arrest later caused a 382 day city wide boycott. After that she was seen as a central symbol of the Civil Rights movement. After the boycott the transit system suffered a 68% shortfall losing about $715,197 compared to 1955. This protest ended the U.S Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses -
Nice African American students were blocked from entering the school on September 4, 1957 by the Arkansas National Guard. This tested the Brown V. Board of Education ruling. These students were from 15 to 17 years old they went to Little Rock Central High School. They were mainly Juniors and Seniors in high school. The students involved faced Immense hostility, Mobs, Guards blocking entry to school, and daily harassment when they finally got into the school -
A six year old girl on November 14, 1960 became the first African American child to desegregate the all white William Frantz Elementary school in New Orleans, Louisiana. Her name was Ruby Bridges. When she first was going to the school she got escorted by federal marshals. In the class she was in the parents boycotted the school pulling all the kids out. For the whole school year Ruby was alone in class taught by Barbara Henry. A teacher that was Boston who welcomed Ruby into her class. -
The letter written was by Martin Luther King Jaron April 16, 1963 it was an open letter. In his letter he talked about how the actions by him began to cause creative tension. He also said that African Americans had to wait a long time for rights and shouldn’t have to wait anymore. He stated how people shouldn’t have to follow the segregation laws they violate moral laws -
On August 28, 1963 over 250,000 people gathered for a march to demand voicing rights, equal employment, and desecration. They marched for jobs and freedom. It was known as a peaceful civil rights protest -
On July 2, 1964 President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law. This law outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This ended up helping end segregation in public accommodations, schools, and workplaces, marking point for civil rights in America -
Malcolm X is a Muslim African American minister and human rights activist. He was a popular figure. He got shot and later died from his wounds in Manhattan, New York City. He died on February 21, 1965 at the age of 39. Three people named Muhammad Abdul Arizona, Khalil Islam, Thomas Hagan killed him. In 2010 Hagan got released from prison. In November 2021 both Asia ans Islam were exnerated -
The law was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on August 6, 1965. This was enforce the 15th Amendment. Also made to stop legal state level obstacles. Like literacy tests, poll taxes, and intimidation. They wanted to fight so African Americans could have the right to vote without having to answer lots of questions -
On October 15, 1966 in Oakland, California Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale made the Black Panther party for self-defense. It was established to combat Police brutality, Origanization advocated, for armed self-defense, socialist, and black nationalist ideologies. The founding was definded by a 10 point platform. It demanded for full employment, decent housing, educaction, an end to police brutality, and, exemption from military service -
On August 30, 1967 the U.S. Senate confirmed that Thurgood Marshall was on the Supreme Court Justice. He was the first African American to be on the Supreme Court. He got nominated by President Lyndon B. Johnson on June 13, 1967. Marshall served for 24 years until 1991. He retired due to health issues. He later paased away on January 24, 1993 -
At the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee Dr. Martin Luther King Jr suffered a fatally shot at 6:01 pm. He got rushed to St. Joseph’s Hospital where he would later die at 7:05 pm. His famous last words were “Precious Lord, Take My Hand.” It was lead to believe that he got shot because of hate. But there is evidence that the person that killed him was an outspoken racist. James Earl Ray pled guilty for the murder and was sentenced to 99 years
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