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Period: to
civil rights
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American GI Forum
Founded by Mexican American veterans to fight for equal treatment for Mexican American soldiers and to address discrimination. Important to civil rights because provided anti discrimination against hispanics. Would be considered an act of self defense. -
Termination policy
This policy aimed to dissolve tribal governments and relocate Native Americans to urban areas, further weakening their communities. Important to civil rights because showed the segregation and discrimination of native americans. Government policy. -
Brown vs Board of education
US supreme court ruled that racial segregation in schools is unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v Ferguson. Important to civil rights because allowed schools to have unsegregated facilities. Act of self defense. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat for a white man and got arrested. The protest was led by Martin Luther King Jr. and although it helped the emerging of civil rights and African American voices, they faced hardships because of this. Act of civil disobedience. -
Indian relocation act
The primary goals of the Indian Relocation Act were to increase Native American employment by providing vocational training and to encourage assimilation into urban life by moving them off reservations. Important to civil rights because disrupted Native Americans cultural identities and educational opportunities. Neither self defense nor civil disobedience, was a government led law. -
The Little Rock Nine and the Little Rock Central High School Integration
9 African Americans attended Little Rock school which was primarily white and they were faced with a large white mob and shoulders blocking the school. The entire confrontation drew international attention not only to civil rights in the United States but also to the struggle between federal and state power. Act of self defense. -
Equal Pay Act
The Act prohibited employers from paying different wages to men and women for the same or substantially equal work, which was a significant victory for the feminist movement. Act of self defense. -
Selma March
Martin Luther King, Jr., organized a march from Selma, Alabama, to the state’s capital, Montgomery, to call for a federal voting rights law that would provide legal support for disenfranchised African Americans in the South. Important to civil rights because protested for de-segregation and discrimation against African Americans. Self defense. -
Griswold vs Connecticut
The Supreme Court struck down a state law that prohibited the use of contraceptives by married couples, establishing a constitutional right to privacy in matters of marriage, reproduction, and family life. This ruling was a significant victory for reproductive rights and a catalyst for the second wave of feminism. Self defense. -
Voting rights act
It suspended literacy tests, provided for federal approval of proposed changes to voting laws or procedures, and directed the attorney general of the United States to challenge the use of poll taxes for state and local elections. Significant to civil rights because allowed minorities to have the right to vote. Government act caused by self defense (March of Selma). -
National organization for women (NOW)
It was created to fight for women's rights and challenge sex discrimination in all aspects of society. NOW's founders were particularly focused on enforcing Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits employment discrimination based on sex. They felt that the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the agency responsible for enforcing this provision, was not taking sufficient action. Act of self defense. -
Indian civil rights act (ICRA)
This act extended most of the Bill of Rights to Native Americans within tribal governments, including the rights to freedom of speech, press, and assembly. Signifcant to civil rights because allowed freedoms to native Americans. Government act. -
Chicano movement
A major civil rights and liberation movement for Mexican-Americans in the U.S., driven by a desire for political, social, and cultural empowerment. It focused on addressing discrimination, securing labor rights, improving education, and reclaiming land grants. Significant movement throughout the 1970s because allowed Hispanics to address and conquer discrimination. Self defense. -
voting rights act extension
The 1965 Voting Rights Act, originally aimed at protecting Black voters, was expanded in 1975 to include language assistance at polling places for non-English speakers, benefiting Latinos. Gave Latinos greater political power and influence. Government act. -
American Indian religious freedom act
United States federal law enacted to protect the right of Native Americans to practice their traditional religions. It ensures their freedom to believe, express, and exercise their traditional religious practices, including access to sacred sites and use of sacred objects. Government act.