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The case began in
Scottsboro, Alabama, when nine young Black men were falsely accused of raping two white women on a train, leading to swift, unjust death sentences by all-white juries and sparking national outrage over racial injustice, becoming a landmark event that galvanized early civil rights activism by exposing systemic racism in the legal system and involving groups like the ACLU and Communist Party, ultimately highlighting the fight for due process and racial equality.