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Period: to
Growing Militarization
Germany wanted to increase their military power by having an arms race. They were trying to build better weapons than its opposing countries. Between 1870 and 1914, military spending in Europe increased by 300 %. Europe and Germany started advancing in their Navy’s, but Great Britain always had a bigger naval force. Britain began doing conscription which meant that anyone over the age of 18 had to serve a certain amount of time in the military. -
Alliance Systyem
country’s were starting to protect themselves by joining together with other countries.
Examples;
Germany and Austria, France and Russia, Britiain made a navel treaty with Japan, England France Russia, Germany Austria-Hungary, England France Russia, when austria declared war on hungary germany helped austria, when russia declared war on austria hungary germany helped austra.
Britain france and russia formed a triple entente this triple entente made germany feel surrounded. -
Trench Warfare
Trench Warfare is a military tactics, where armies were able to hide in the trenches and catch their enimies off gaurd. there where differnet lines of defense.The first line, was protected by barbed wire. The second line "reserve trenches" were used if the first line was taken over. After the second line was the third line "communication trenches" this was located about 1k behind the second line. Here they kept food, water, fresh troops, and amo. this is also where wounded soilders went. -
Rise of Fascism
Fascism is the seeking to purify the nations foreign influences that are said to cause degeneration of the nation or not fitting into the national culture. The Great Depression helped lead to Fascism because the rulers like Hitler were in control of trade and the economy. Hitler, Mussolini, and Hirohito were all fascist leaders because they were in control of everything. -
Growing Balkan Nationalism/Assination of Franz Ferdinand
Franz Ferdinand was in Sarajevo. There were 7 Bosnian Serbs that were planning to assassinate him on this day. The first assassin threw a bomb at his car but did not kill him. After thinking that they had failed, Franz Ferdinand was in his car and was shot by an assassin on his way home. His wife Sophie was also shot and killed by the assassin. This assassination of Franz Ferdinand made Serbians angry that they lost their heirto the Austrian-Hungary throne. Nationalism here helped spark WW1 -
U-boats & Unrestricted Warfare
U-boats
~Military submarines Unrestricted Warfare
~Submarines attacked merchant ships without warning. This warfare happened between Germany and the Allies, causing many deaths. -
Enrty of the United States-Sinking of the Lusitania
On May 7, 1915. sinking of the Lusitania took place, It crossed paths with a German U-Boat called the U20. The U20 fired 1 torpedo and the Lusitania sank in 18 minutes. Many people at the time disagreed with Germans for firing without a warning. This incident created a lot of propaganda against the Germans. -
Bolsheik Revolution of 1917 (communist Revolution of Russia)
Revolutionary party, believed that the working class would liberate themselves from the political and economica control of ruling class. The Provisional Government took major decisions, like remaining in World War I and postponing land reforms, this affected the Russian people. This made the Provisional Government unpopular and let Lenin attack it for these reasons, and because it had never been elected to power. The revolution was to equalize the people. -
Entry of the United States- Zimmerman Telegram
The United states declared war on Germany on April 4, 1917, and on December 9, 1917 they declared war on Austria-Hungary on . British cryptographers deciphered a telegram from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German Minister to Mexico, von Eckhardt in In January of 1917. This offered the U.S. land to Mexico in return for joining the German cause.This is when the US joined in the war because they wanted to defend its country. -
League of Nations
This was a Intergovernmental organization that was founded because of the Paris Peace Conference. The Peace Conference ended the First World War. It was the first international organization whose mission was to maintain peace in the world. The idea of the League was to get rid of the four fatal flaws of the old European states. WW2 proved that the league did not work and countries split off from it. -
Treaty of Versailles
It was a peace agreement between Germany and the Allied ( Britain, France, U.S., and Russia). In this agreement Germany was named responsible for the war and had to pay for the damages. This treaty humiliated Germany and put a strain on them economically. -
Stalin coming to power in Russia
Stalin and Tratsky where fighting over Lenins positionStalin adapted Russia when the Europeans where attacking them. He wanted to modernize Russia so it could survive. He wanted to supply farmers with necissary machines like tractors. Also he wanted to strengthen the Russian army. Stalin was much more harsh than Lenin. Stalin would send anyone who questioned or disagreed with his policies to concentration camps called “gulag”. Stalin cared much more about the technology modernization of Russia. -
The Great Depression
Wall street crashed, this put the U.S. into a depression. Americans were scared, they called in loans to other countries. Customs barriers where put up to stop imports of foreign goods. This made a depression across the world. Unemplyment in Britiain rose to 2.5 million, also Hitler promised he would get them out of the economic downfall, this led to his rise in power. Unemployment in Germany became 6 million and Hitler set out to become absolute ruler. Mussolini gained jobless ppls support. -
German Invasion
Germany took over 6 countries in 100 days. Germany is taking over other areas with German people in them. Hitler wanted Germany to be filled with German speaking nations. He had designs to unite Germany with Austria. Within Czechoslovakia Hitler wanted control of the largely German-speaking areas. -
German invasion of Poland
German ships opened fire on the Polish Westerplatte Fort. 1,300 aircraft started the invasion of Poland. Hitler made the decision to invade Poland. His decision to invade Poland was risky because the Wehrmacht (the German Army) was not yet at full strength. -
Fall of France
Hitler used the brilliant blitzkrieg strategy to catch the Allies by surprise in 1940. germany occupied France in six weeks, even though there were millions of French troops manning the defensive Maginot line. Also when France fell the Allied had to evacuate at Dunkirk. This is a low point for the Allies. -
Evacuation of Dunkirk
Around 300,000 soldiers evacuated Dunkirk and other beaches in 1940, between May and June. Civilian ships helped the soldiers escape and get to land to fight against a Nazi Invasion. The Allies felt in control because they were underestimated and the Germans fled. -
Battle of Britain
German air force’s attempt to gain control by air over the British armed forces. this happened in the July to the September of 1940. Their biggest failure was the turning points during World War Two and stopped Germany from invading Britain. London was getting bombed by the Germans. The battle of Britiain was a massive air attack and bombing campaign. -
Stalin coming to Power
Stalin and Tratsky where fighting over Lenins positionStalin adapted Russia when the Europeans where attacking them. He wanted to modernize Russia so it could survive. He wanted to supply farmers with necissary machines like tractors. Also he wanted to strengthen the Russian army. Stalin was much more harsh than Lenin. Stalin would send anyone who questioned or disagreed with his policies to concentration camps called “gulag”. Stalin cared less about what the people wanted. -
Attack of Pearl Harbor
Japan attacked an American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and started war with the United States. This was a bombing where the Japanese had around 100 airplanes in the air at a time. Around 2,400 americans were killed in the attack and Japan lost around 100 men. This is important because it was a major turning point in the war and it helped to unite the United states at the time. The battleship Arizona was bombed in Pearl Harbor this day losing over 1,000 men. -
Bombing of Tokyo
This bombing took place at night when United states airplanes dropped bombs over Tokyo to try and end the war. It was called a firestorm because it was so devastating and killed over 100,000 people. This was under General Curtis LeMay;a military leader at the time. The airplanes that dropped these were B-29s that carried 20,00 pound bombs. -
Battle of Stalingrad
Between Hitler and Russia ( who was protecting the East). More than 1,000 tons of bombs were dropped on the city of Stalin. This battle turned the tides with Germany , Germany was no longer winning the War. -
Battle of Midway/Battle of Guadalcanal
This was a battle for Midway between the Japanese and the USS Enterprise. 37 bombers dove right into the ships and destroyed them and its crew. The battle was between ships as the Japanese wanted to eliminate the United States fleet because they were the only ones standing in their way. This battle is known as one of the most important in the Pacific. The Battle of Midway led to Guadalcanal because the Japanese were defeated and were figuring out what land to try and conquer. -
D-Day
Turning point in WWII, large numbers of men from the US and Great Britain had been trained and equipped to help fight against Germany. British planes bombed Germany at night, while Americans bombed during the day. The US and British also used a cross-channel attack on the beaches of Normandy. On June 6 1944, 5,000+ ships and ship-to-shore craft made their attack on the beaches. By night Canadian, three American infantry divisions, and three airborne divisions, had a foothold on Hitlers Europe. -
V-E Day
After six years of war with Europe, The United States had their victory over Hitler. All of the soldiers reacted differently when they heard the news of Victory in Europe. Some reflected silently while others were happy and partied. This was important because it marked the day that Europe surrendered and all war stopped under Hitler’s power. -
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The United States dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima. Around 140,000 people died. This tragic event happened on August 6, 1945. The fireball that was created caused radiation, heat rays and shock waves. The atomic bomb destroyed everything within 1.2 miles of where the bomb was dropped. Nagasaki was a Japanese city that was bombed by America on Auguest 9 1945. Here the atomic bomb exploded in the air. The area that was destroyed contained houses, schools, and factories. -
Victory of Japan
The victories of the allies over the defeat of Japan. Japanese general Koiso did not sign the document until September 2nd, 1945. Japan played a large part in the war, and attacked Burma, Malaya, Hong Kong and the Philippines. The US dropped the first ever atomic weapon on the city of Hiroshima. VJ Day marked the end of the battle with Japan and World War Two.
