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Dalton formed the Atomic Theory which is that all matter is composed of indivisible particles called atoms.
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Thomas found electrons with the Cathode Ray Experiment,
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Rutherford's experiment found that nucleuses have a posittive charge and atoms are most likely a empty space.
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In the Bohr Model the neutrons and protons occupy the nucleus, and the electrons orbit the nucleus.
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James Chadwick continued on Rutherford's work which led him to the discovery of the neutron using a new type of radiation.
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The atom is the smallest unit of an element that still behaves like the entire element, but that's not to say that the smaller parts do not exist.
