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Date: 500 BC
These Greek philosophers suggest the idea of a tiny, invisible particle called an atom. The reason behind the thought was nothing can come from nothing. -
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The law states that, mass is niether created nor destroyed in any ordinary chemical reaction.
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The model showed how the atoms were seen as solid, indestuctible spheres, that when put together, made up all matter.
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The law states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same porportion of elements by mass.
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The theory had four main parts.
1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are invisible and indestructible.
2) All atoms of a given element are identicle in mass and properties.
3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms.
4) A chemical reacyion is a rearrangment of atoms. -
The experiment demonstarted that electrons comprising cathode rays were nearly 2,000 times smaller in mass than the lightest know particle.
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A proton is a positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all atomic nuclei. They were discovered by alpha particles being fired into hitrogen gas.
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It is a theory based on using the concept of the quantum units to describe the dynamic properties of subatomic particles and the interactions of matter and radiation. Energy can be emitted or obsorbed by matter only in small, discrete units called quanta.
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In the Plum Pudding Model each atom was a sphere filled with a positively charged fluid. The fluid was called the "pudding". Scattered in this fluid were electrons known as the "plums". He suggested that the positive fluid held the negative charges, the electrons, in the atom because of electric forces.
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In the experiement he shot a beam of Alpha particles at a sheet of golf foil and it was found that a small percent of the particles were deflected. While a majority passed through the sheet. He concluded that a tiny, dense nucleus was causing the deflection and that this nucleus was were the mass of the the atom was concentrated. Nuclear Theory was established through the gold foil experiemnt.
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Through the gold foil experiement, Rutherford uses the results to suggest that the atom consists of electrons oribiting arounf a very small, dense, positivley charged nucleus, which contained most of the atoms mass.
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The nucleus of an atom is a dense region consisting of protons and nuetrons at the center of an atom. The Gold Foil Expeiement is what caused the discovery.
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The Bohr Model is a simpler planetary model like the earth orbiting arounf the sun. A light negatively charged electron moves in a circular orbit around a heavy, nearly stationary, positively chared proton. An attractive electric force holds the electrons in its orbit.
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The model states electrons are defined as standing waves. The electron probability distribution gives the areas in which the probability of electrons presence is high. It predicts were the electrons might be.
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The Uncertainty Principle states that, the posotion and velocity of an object cannot both be measured exactly at the same time, even in theory.
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Chadwick confirms that nuetrons exist. Einstein, DeBroglie, SChrodinger and Heisenberg also help with the advances. These advances in the model state that, an atom has a nucleus that is surrounded by probability clouds. The clouds represent the most probable location of electrons. We still refer to these clouds as orbitals. The size and shapes of the orbitals may be calculated mathematically by using the equation for the waves.
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An electron is a ery small particle of matter that has a negative charge of electricity and that travels around the nucleus of an atom. It was discovered when Thomson was conducting experiments with beams of negative particles when he discovered that they consisted of lightweight particles with a negative charge.
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Nuetrons are uncharged particles found within the Nuclei. The nuetron was discivered using radiation.
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This property was called, "The Starngest Number". and with it he sorted particles into eight families called the eight fold way.
