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Columbus started
The trade of goods across the Atlantic
Advertised "Discovery" of New world
Animals, plants, disease traded -
- Sailed from Canary Islands
- Founded New World in the Bahamas
- Creating contact with Natives
- Found new plants and animals to trade with
- Started the Columbian exchange
- Spain started sending over conquistadors
- Spain started inhibiting new land and creating the encoimenda system
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Started by conquistadors
Received grants for the # of indians they had
Got gold or labor for indians
System used to enslave and take indian lands -
Spanish had a large control of New world
Started to govern local communities
They made strict agriculture
Was in Caribbean, South America, Mexico, and Southern North America
Strict Government Policies
Strict trading ports ONLY through Spain -
1st of the Spanish colonists
Led small military expedition
Cortez was met with resistance from Aztecs
Exposed Aztecs to smallpox
Dropped Aztec population
Cortez established lasting reputation as the most brutal of the Spanish Conquistadors -
Started from Reformation in Europe
John Calvin started the reform of predestination
God "selected' people to be saved
New creed spread rapidly through Europe
Led to expeditions to turn people into their religon -
Began long before European migration to New world
Rose for the demand of Sugar Cane
Started in the Mediterranean than spread
People needed more help with the demand of goods -
-Lost colony
-First English colony (Failed)
- John White came back after 3 years and Roanoke was abandoned
-"Croatoan"
-No remnants left behind from settlers -
-English challenged Spains Seapower
-Spain United with Portugal
-Span went across English Channed and fight England
-England wins
-England becomes superpower and gains dominance to start findings in New world. -
1st Permanet English settlement
104 men
Joint-stock
Funded by the Virginia Company of London
Captain=John Smith
Men chose secure area to provide security from indians
Desperate times- The site was low and swampy
Had local diseases (Malaria)
Natives helped colonists live w/ agricultural techniques -
Congregation Separtists emigrated quietly (Pilgrims)
Wanted to create a community where they could spread the gospel of the Kindgom of Christ
Got permission from the Virginia Company to settle in Britsh America
English Merchants helped fund the settlement for exchange in profit -
1st Governmnet on colonies
White property males could vote
Slavery begins in English colonies
1st elected legislature that was in the U.S -
Settlement Called "Plymouth"
(Pilgrims)
The Mayflower Compact government was establised
"Power not from God but from the Governed"
Given aid from the natives to help the settlement -
Migrating Puritans (Pilgrims)
Puritans left the port of Plymouth on the Mayflower
Original destination was in Hudson Bay but they landed in Cape Cod
41 males signed a compact that made the men establish a civil government and to claim their allegiance to the king -
Puritan merchants began working on a new enterprise to take advantage of oppertunities in America
Got grant for the land in New England
Acquired charter from Charles l
Create Mass. Bass colony and establish a colony in the New world -
Governener
Commanded expedition to New England in 1630
17 ships and 1000 people
The largest single migration of its kind in the 17th century
Carried with him the charter of the Mass. Bay Company (Colonists would be responsible to no company officials in England, only themsleves) -
Made the act to appease non-Catholic majority
Assure freedom of worship to all Christians
Tensions created between religions from the Act
Jesuits and Purtains antagonized by majority
Protestant majority barred Catholics from voting and repealed the Act -
Tried to help increase profitability of the colonies and power of English Government
Foundation of English Economy
Colonies mades markets of Englands goods and ne source of new materials -
After restoration, the government made 3 Navigation Acts
Made to regulate colonial commerance more strictly
Required colonists to export certain items (tobacco)
All goods shipped to Europe had to pass through England (That made England tax)
INCREASED ENGLAND WEALTH -
Politcal rivalries
Leader=Nathanial Bacon
Disagreements on the policies of the Natives
The Governer (Sir William Berkeley) tried to go into Native land
Raids in plantations about European intrusions -
Founded by William Penn
Rather real estate promoter
Holy experiment
William Penn had good contact w/ the natives
Mild climate and fertile soil
Penn helped Natives their culture and land -
Began in Salem, Massachusetts
Girls began with strange behaivor
Started accusations of witchcraft
100s of women were accused
marginal women to west Indians
19 women were put to death -
Brought a new spirit of religious ferver ot colonies
Revival was appealing to women and younger sons of the 3rd or 4th generation of settlers
Emphasized potential in every person to break away contrainta and turn to God
Many broke away from families and started a new life
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