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- John I is forced to sign the Magna Carta it limits royal power gives basic rights to nobles
- Establishes that the monarch's power is not absolute in Great Britain
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- Expansion of trade, banking, economic practices in Europe
- Lays foundation for modern capitalism the Industrial Revolution
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Includes Unit 1 2
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- Revival of interest in culture, trade, art, education
- Humanism individualism
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- Columbian Exchange Triangular Trade
- Exploration, trade, colonization of the New World
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- Started from Martin Luther's split from the RCC
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- Council of Trent
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- Apart of Period 2
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- Replaces mannerism
- Art of the Catholic Reformation
- Dramatic movement, color, lighting effects to evoke intense emotion spiritual awe, over-ornamentation, curved lines
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- German princes can choose between Lutheranism Catholicism for their states
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- Huge increase in accusations of witchcraft (especially women)
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- England defeats the Spanish Armada
- Establishes England as a maritime power Spain's decline in power
- England: Elizabeth I
- Spain: Philip II
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- Began when the Holy Roman Emperor wanted to end Calvinism since the Peace of Augsburg only recognized Lutheranism Catholicism
- Ends w/ the Peace of Westphalia
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- Cavaliers vs Roundheads
- Roundheads win Oliver Cromwell controls the government
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- Sun king peak of French absolutism
- During his rule, he will:
- Builds Palace of Versailles- cultural center of Europe- contributes to Enlightenment starting in France
- Appoints Jean-Baptiste Colbert- mercantilist policies, encouraged French people to move to Canada
- *Participation of wars-
- *Issues Edict of Fontainebleau-
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Includes Unit 3, 4, 5
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- Restoration of the Stuart Monarchy
- Charles II restored to the throne
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- James II is dethroned
- Beginning of the rule of William II (of Orange) Mary II
- Bloodless revolution that will affirm the sovereignty of parliament
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- Treaty of Utrecht
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- Similar to baroque art, but it is more ornamental less formal
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- Ascends the throne because Anne I dies the Act of Settlement
- Power shifts to the prime minister cabinet (Walpole becomes the 1st Prime Minister)
- Beginning of Hanover Dynasty
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- Revival of interest in classical art (similar to the Renaissance)
- Initially it was a reaction to the excess amounts of rococo art
- Reflected the age of Enlightenment
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- *Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
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- Leads to the Concert of Europe
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Includes Unit 6 7
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- Reaction to the Enlightenment/neoclassicism Industrial Revolution
- Expression of emotional nationalism heroism
- Glorifies nature, the peasants, the past, individual experiences, nationalistic movements
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- Made possible by the Industrial Revolution because it made materials more accessible a reaction to Romanticism's sentiments emotions
- Represented things as realistically as possible not perfectly by focusing on everyday life
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- Ends the Concert of Europe
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- Impressions of what you see not exactly what is there
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- Includes futurism, surrealism, dadaism, cubism, expressionism, abstractionism
- Strongly influenced by Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, World Wars, Atomic Age, modern media, change in concept of identity
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Includes Unit 8 9
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- M.A.I.N.- militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism
- Starts after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- Ends w/ the Treaty of Versailles
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- Roaring 20s/economic prosperity - Great Depression
- Rise of totalitarian/authoritarian states fascism
- League of Nations
- Spanish Civil War
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- Holocaust Nazis
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- Hitler launches an attack on the Soviet Union despite the Hitler-Stalin Pact
- Fails after the Siege of Stalingrad, which turns the tide on the eastern front
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- Japanese bomb US naval base, Pearl Harbor
- US declares war on Japan Germany declares war on the US
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- Conference where Hitler his officials come up w/ the Final Solution
- Based on Hitler's antisemitic beliefs his belief in Aryan superiority
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- International peacekeeping organization
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- Containment: Aimed to "contain" the spread of communism
- Supported democracy by providing aid
- Led to more tensions that will start the Cold War
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- Iron Curtain
- Proxy wars
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- Alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty
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- Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
- Economic organization led by the Soviet Union consisting of countries in the Soviet Bloc
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- Collective defensive treaty between the Soviet countries other communist countries
- Response to the creation of NATO/North Atlantic Treaty Organization