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Period: to
Early Republic
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George Washington
Party- None
8 years in office -
🟩 Hamilton's Financial Plan 🟧
Created a stable national economy through federal debt assumption, tariffs and a national bank. -
The Second Great Awakening 🟦
A wave of religious revival that led to major social reform movements like abolition and temperance. -
John Adams
Party- Federalist
4 years in office -
Thomas Jefferson
Party-- Democratic-Republican
8 years in office -
James Madison
Party- Democratic-Republican
8 years in office -
Period: to
Era of Good Feelings
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Period: to
Manifest Destiny / Westward expansion
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War of 1812 🟥
A conflict between the U.S. and Britain that confirmed American independence and increased national pride. -
James Monroe
Party- Democratic-Republican
8 years in office -
John Quincy Adams
Party- Democratic-Republican
4 years in office -
Temperance Movement 🟦
A national effort to reduce alcohol use, eventually leading to Prohibition in the 1920s. -
Period: to
Jacksonian
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Andrew Jackson
Party- Democratic
8 years in office -
🟪 Indian Removal Acts 🟧
Authorized the forceful relocation of Native Americans leading to the trail of Tears and significant loss of life and culture. -
🟩 Jackson Vetoes the Second National Bank 🟧
Jackson's veto weakened federal controls over the economy, and contributed to the panic of 1837. -
The Great Famine and Irish Immigration 🟪
A potatoe famine in Ireland led millions to immigrate to the U.S. greatly affecting American cities and labor markets. -
Mexican American War 🟥
The U.S. gained vast southwestern territories from Mexico, raising tensions over the expansion of slavery. -
Seneca Falls Convention 🟦
The first women's rights convention in U.S. history, which launched the campaign for women's suffrage. -
Kansas Nebraska Act 🟧
The Kansas-Nebraska Act intensified sectional tensions by allowing territories to decide on slavery, leading to violent conflicts and contributing to the onset of the civil war. -
Civil War 🟥
A war over slavery and states' rights that ended slavery and preserved the Union. -
Period: to
Civil War
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Period: to
Progressive Era
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Assassination of Abraham Lincoln 🟧
Disrupted plans for lenient Reconstruction, leading to harsher policies under his successor and prolonged national divisions. -
14th Amendment 🟧
Granted citizenship to all born or naturalized in the United s=States ensuring equal protection under the law. -
13th Amendment 🟧
Abolished slavery, legally freeing millions and laying the foundation for civil rights advancements. -
Reconstruction Acts 🟧
Outlined the process for Southern states to join the Union enforcing civil rights and restricting governance. -
Ulysses S. Grant
Party- Republican
8 years in office -
Period: to
Glided Age
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15th Amendment 🟧
Prohibited voting discrimination based on race, aiming to secure African Americans men's suffrage -
Jim Crow Laws 🟦
A series of state and local statues enforcing racial segregation in Southern United States, institutionalizing a system of economic, educational and social disadvantages for African Americans. -
Rutherford B.Hayes
Party- Republican
4 years in office -
James A. Garfield
Party- Republican
0.5 years in office -
Chinese Exclusion Act 🟪
The first major U.S. law to restrict immigration, it banned Chinese laborers and set a precedent for future immigration controls. -
Chester A. Garfield
Party- Republican
3.5 years in office -
Settlement House Movement 🟦
Reformers created community centers in urban areas to help immigrants and the poor with education, housing, and social services. -
Benjamin Harrison
Party- Republican
4 years in office -
Grover Cleveland
Party- Democratic
4 years in party -
William Mckinley
Party- Republican
4.5 years in office -
Spanish American War 🟥
A brief war that made the U.S. a global power with the new overseas territories. -
Theodore Roosevelt
Party- Republican
7.5 years in office -
William Howard Taft
Party- Republican
4 years in office -
Woodrow Wilson
Party- Democratic
8 years in office -
Period: to
WWI
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World War I 🟥
A global conflict where U.S. involvement helped bring victory to the allies and reshaped world politics. -
Period: to
Roaring 20s
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Warren G. Harding
Party-Democratic
8 years in office -
Tulsa Race Massacre 🟥
A devastating attack by white mobs on the prosperous Black community of Greenwood in Tulsa, Oklahoma, resulted in the destruction of over 1,000 homes and business, with estimated deaths ranging from 50 to 300 making it one of the worst incidents of racial violence. -
🟧 Introduction to the Equal Rights Amendment
The ERA was first introduced to guarantee legal gender equality but it has yet to be added to the Constitution . -
Calvin Coolidge
Party- Republican
5.6 years in office -
Herbert Hoover
Party- Republican
4 years in office -
Period: to
Great Depression
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Great Depression 🟩
A stock market crash triggred the worst economic crisis in U.S. history leading to widespread poverty and unemployment. -
The Dust Bowl 🟩
Severe droughts and poor farming practices led to massive dust storms, forcing many families to abandon their farms. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Party- Democratic
12.1 years in office -
The New Deal 🟩
A set of programs by FDR to help the country recover from the Great Depression and prevent future economic disasters. -
World War II 🟥
The most destructive war in history, with the U.S. playing a key role in defeating the Axis and becoming a superpower. -
Chicano Movement 🟦
A civil rights effort by Mexican Americans focused on education, political rights and cultural pride. -
Period: to
WWII
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Japanese Interment 🟪
Over 120,00 Japanese Americans were forced into interment camps during WWII due to fears of disloyalty largely recognized as a violation of civil rights. lasting 4 years. -
Zoot Suit Riots 🟪
Racial tensions erupted into violent clashes in Los Angeles between white servicemen and young Mexican Americans wearing zoot suits. -
Harry S. Truman
Party- Democratic
7.8 years in office -
Period: to
Cold War
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Cold War 🟥
A long rivalry between the U.S. and Soviet Union marked by arms races, proxy wars, and ideological conflict. -
Korean War 🟥
A war between North and South Korea that ended in stalemate but established U.S. commitment to containing communism. -
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Party- Republican
8 years in office -
Vietnam War
A controversial war that deeply divided the U.S. and led to a major shift in foreign policy and public trust. -
John F. Kennedy
Party- Democratic
2.8 years in office -
Lyndon B. Johnson
Party- Democratic
5.2 years in office -
Richard Nixon
Party- Republican
5.6 years in office -
Red Power Movement 🟦
A Native American Civil rights movement that showed the emphasis of self determination and sovereignty influencing policy changes. -
The Stonewall Riots 🟦
A police raid on a gay bar in New York City sparked days of protest and helped start the modern LGBTQ+ rights movements. -
Roe V. Wade Supreme Court Decision 🟦
The Supreme Court ruled that women have a constitutional right to have an abortion under the right to privacy. it sparked many debates over women's reproductive rights. -
Oil Crisis and Gas Shortages 🟩
Triggered by an OPEC oil embargo, the U.S. faced fuel shortages and soaring gas prices it highlighted Americas dependency on foreign oil. -
Gerald Ford
Party- Republican
2.4 years in office -
Watergate Scandal and Nixon Resignation 🟧
President Nixon resigned after the Watergate scandal exposed abuse of power and obstruction of justice. it led to a major political shift and new ethics laws. Public trust in government sharply declined. -
JImmy Carter
Party- Democratic
4 years in office -
Ronald Reagan
Party- Republican
8 years in office -
🟦 Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights
A massive LGBTQ+ rights rally demanding government actions on AIDS and equal right laws. -
George H.W. Bush
Party-Republican
4 years in office -
Period: to
Contemporary History
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🟦 Americans with Disabilities Act
The ADA outlawed discrimination against people with disabilities and mandated accessibility in public spaces. it was a landmark in civil rights law and inclusion. -
Bill Clinton
Party- Democratic
8 years in office -
George W. Bush
Party- Republican
8 years in office -
Hurricane Katrina and the Displacement Crisis 🟪
Katrina caused massive destruction and displaced over a million people, disproportionately affecting marginalized communities. Government response failures exposed racial and class disparities. It led to reforms in emergency response and urban planning -
Barrack Obama
Party- Democratic
8 years in party- -
Joe Biden
Party- Democrat
4 years term -
Donald Trump
Party- Republican
Ongoing