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After the assassination of his father, King Philip II, Alexander ascended to the throne of Macedonia in 336 BCE. He quickly secured his position by quelling rebellions and gaining the loyalty of the Macedonian army. At just twenty years old, Alexander became one of the youngest kings in Greek history. -
The Battle of Granicus took place in 334 BCE and was the first major victory for Alexander the Great against the Persian Empire. Alexander led his Macedonian army across the Granicus River and defeated a much larger force of Persian satraps and Greek mercenaries. This victory opened the way for Alexander’s conquest of Asia Minor. -
Battle of the Granicus The Battle of the Granicus took place in 334 BCE, marking Alexander the Great’s first major victory against the Persian Empire. Alexander led his Macedonian and Greek forces across the Granicus River and decisively defeated the Persian satraps’ army. This victory opened the path for Alexander to advance further into Asia Minor and established his reputation as a brilliant military commander. -
The Battle of Issus was fought in 333 BCE between Alexander the Great and the Persian king Darius III. Despite being heavily outnumbered, Alexander’s forces achieved a decisive victory, which marked a turning point in his conquest of the Persian Empire. Darius III fled the battlefield, leaving behind his family and royal treasures, further strengthening Alexander’s position in the region. -
The Battle of Gaugamela, fought in 331 BCE, was a crucial encounter between Alexander the Great and the Persian king Darius III. Despite being vastly outnumbered, Alexander's disciplined forces achieved a decisive victory, leading to the collapse of the Persian Empire. This battle solidified Alexander's reputation as one of history's greatest military commanders. -
In 331 BCE, Alexander the Great founded the city of Alexandria on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The city was designed as a center of Greek culture and learning, quickly becoming one of the most important cities in the ancient world. Alexandria soon thrived as a hub for trade, science, and the famous Library of Alexandria. -
In 327 BCE, Alexander the Great led his army across the treacherous Hindu Kush mountains, facing harsh weather and difficult terrain. This marked the beginning of his campaign into India, where he encountered fierce resistance from regional kingdoms such as those led by King Porus. Despite the challenges, Alexander's innovative tactics and determination enabled him to achieve significant victories and expand his empire further east. -
Alexander the Great died in 323 BCE in the city of Babylon, at the age of 32. His sudden death remains a mystery, with theories ranging from fever or poisoning to natural causes. Alexander’s passing marked the end of his vast empire and led to a period of turmoil among his generals, known as the Wars of the Successors. -
Alexander the Great was born in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia. He was the son of King Philip II and Queen Olympias, and would go on to become one of history’s most famous conquerors, founding one of the largest empires of the ancient world.