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Caused by evil spirits
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Herbs and plants
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Quinine- this comes from the bark of the cinchona tree. It helps to control fever, help prevent malaria, and relieve muscle spasms.
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Digitalis- comes from the foxglove plant and is given in pill form, intravenously, or by injection today. In earlier times, people used to chew the leaves of the plant.
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Belladonna and atropine- they are made from the nightshade plant, which is poisonous. It relieved muscle spasms, especially in GI pain.
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Morphine- this is made from the opium poppy. It is very good at treating severe pain. It is addictive and should be used only when nothing else will help.
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They kept accurate health records, and they were the earliest people to do this.
The physicians in this time were the priests.
The physicians used medicines, they learned how to splint fractures, and use bloodletting. -
They were the first to develop acupuncture therapies. The people learned to use stone tools to treat a variety of things. They developed into what we use today. -
They were the first to study the cause of illnesses could be nature vs. spiritual. They observed what they thought caused these illnesses. They did not allow bodies to be dissected. Hippocrates was the father of medicine and he kept careful notes of illnesses
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Romans learned a sanitation system from the Greeks. This included cleaner water, sewers, filters, etc. They were the first to organize their medical care. There were different rooms for different things. This was the beginning of hospital development. Buildings for the sick were established. -
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They stopped the study of medicine because it was believed by the church that life and death were only in gods hands.
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The new primary treatment was prayer. Medication was only herbal mixtures.
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Epidemics caused millions of people to die during the dark age. Things like the bubonic plague killed millions of people alone. There were other uncontrolled diseases like smallpox.
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Learning started again. Universities were built for medical research. Dissection was now accepted to learn about the body. Books were printed to build knowledge.
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He studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
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discovered the fallopian tubed of the female body.
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He discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat.
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He understood physiology. He also knew the circulation of blood pumping.
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He invented the microscope. He discovered that there is life smaller than what the eye can see.
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These are early pharmacies, which started in this time.
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Discovered bificols, found that colds can be passed from person to person. -
Students attended lectures in class and laboratory. They also were able to study patients bedside. They dissected the body after a patient died to see the disease process.
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Discovered the element oxygen. Learned that plants do respiration to make oxygen.
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He discovered a vaccination for smallpox, a deadly disease. This led to immunization, his discovery saved many lives. -
She invented the stethoscope to increase the ability to hear the heart.
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Found the cause of childbed fever, which killed many women after giving birth. His studies were proved correct, and cleanliness became more practiced.
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Attracted people to the Nightingale school of nursing. -
Discovered that tiny microorganisms are everywhere. He proved that they cause diseases.
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Discovered that some diseases caused by microorganisms can’t be seen by a microscope. They’re called viruses.
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Discovered that carbolic acid kills germs on wounds that caused infections. This is called antiseptic, he was the first one to use it.
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Developed aspesis. He also discovered ways to keep areas germ free, like surgery.
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Discovered disease causing organisms. Also introduced the importance of cleanliness which prevents diseases spreading. -
Discovered the effect of medicine on sicknesses.
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Discovered x-rays and took the very first picture using x-rays. This allowed doctors to see into the body.
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Anesthesia wasn’t a thing before the 19th century, they used herbs, alcohol, and hashish to help relieve pain in surgery. Then, chloroform and nitrous oxide to put patients to sleep for surgery. -
Found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria. This is one of the most important discoveries of this century.
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He discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind. Also studied how an unconscious mind affects the body.
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He discovered sulfonamide compounds. They were the first medications to be effective in killing bacteria.
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Discovered that dead polio viruses would cause immunity to poliomyelitis, a disease that paralyzed thousands. -
He used a live polio viruses vaccine to immune babies from the disease.
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Discovered the molecular structure of DNA based on the double helix. This explained how DNA replicates and how hereditary information is coded on it. This won the Nobel Prize in medicine.
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He preformed the first heart transplant that was successful
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Studied separating Siamese twins and performing surgeries on the brain to prevent seizures. -
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Artificial organs have been used recently instead of real organs, they work well. -
A new way to deliver medical treatments remotely. This happened within the last few years.
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Using AI has grown in medical field to diagnose patients, etc.
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This allows patients to connect with doctors online and do google meets, etc. This can even take place of an in person check up.
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Hyper personalized medicine forecasts which treatments are safe and effective for each patient