Age of Exploration and Globalization

  • Prince Henry the Navigator
    1419

    Prince Henry the Navigator

    By sponsoring the exploration of the southern shore of the Mediterranean, Portugal became a navigating powerhouse.
  • Fall of Constantinople
    1453

    Fall of Constantinople

    The Ottoman Empire took control of Constantinople and began expanding, pressuring an already poor Portugal to seek new lands.
  • Indian Ocean Exploration
    1488

    Indian Ocean Exploration

    Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope/Cape of Storms, exploring the Indian Ocean.
  • Christopher Columbus's First Voyage
    1492

    Christopher Columbus's First Voyage

    Christopher Columbus lands in the Caribbean, discovering the New World.
  • England reaches the New World
    1497

    England reaches the New World

    In a voyage sponsored by King Henry VII, John Cabots reached Canada.
  • Treaty of Tordesillas
    1497

    Treaty of Tordesillas

    Provided a boundary in South America between Portuguese lands and Spanish lands. Essentially, it gave control of modern-day Brazil to Portugal.
  • The Aztecs Fall
    1521

    The Aztecs Fall

    Hernan Cortez defeated the Aztecs with help from some Indigenous tribes.
  • Circumnavigation
    1522

    Circumnavigation

    Ferdinand Magellan circumnavigates the globe.
  • The Inca Empire Falls
    1532

    The Inca Empire Falls

    Francisco Pizarro kills the last Incan emperor.
  • British East India Trading Company & Dutch East India Company

    British East India Trading Company & Dutch East India Company

    The English and the Dutch established colonies in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Thailand.