1950s - 2000s

  • Philips Records (PPI)

  • reel-to-reel tape

  • pop music charts

  • drum machines

  • Echo

  • audio cassettes

  • pirate radio (Radio Caroline, Radio Veronica broadcast English for a time from 1962)

  • home multi-track (Portastudio)

  • sampling keyboard (Chamberlin 1948, Mellotron 1963, Fairlight 1979)

  • digital audio

  • CD

  • MIDI

  • SoundTools (later ProTools)

  • audio online (IUMA Usenet)

  • MP3s

  • DVD

  • “iPods” (Diamond Rio)

  • P2P music (Napster)

  • Major label store online (Listen.com)

  • iTunes