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The Mexican War of Independence (Spanish: Guerra de Independencia de México, 16 September 1810 – 27 September 1821) was an armed conflict and political process resulting in Mexico's independence from the Spanish Empire. -
The Constitution of 1824 was the foundational legal document that established Mexico as a federal republic after its independence from Spain and the collapse of the short-lived First Mexican Empire. Enacted on October 4, 1824, it introduced a division of power between the central government and states, granting significant autonomy to regions like Texas, which became part of the combined state of Coahuila y Tejas. -
The Mier y Terán report was a series of dispatches by General Manuel de Mier y Terán in 1828 and 1829 detailing the increasing Anglo influence in Mexican Texas. His report warned that the Anglo population outnumbered Tejanos by ten to one in some areas and that many were not adopting Mexican customs or religion. As a result, the report led to recommendations for the Mexican government to counter this influence. -
The Fredonian Rebellion or Texan revolt of 1826 was the first attempt by Texans to secede from Mexico. The settlers, led by Empresario Haden Edwards, declared independence from Mexican Texas and created the Republic of Fredonia near Nacogdoches. -
The Treaty of Velasco was a pair of agreements signed on May 14, 1836, between the Republic of Texas and General Antonio López de Santa Anna of Mexico after the Battle of San Jacinto -
The Battle of Coleto, also known as the Battle of Coleto Creek, the Battle of the Prairie, and the Batalla del Encinal del Perdido, was fought on March 19–20, 1836, during the Goliad campaign of the Texas Revolution -
The Goliad massacre was an event of the Texas Revolution that occurred on March 27, 1836, following the Battle of Refugio and the Battle of Coleto; 425–445 prisoners of war from the Texian Army of the Republic of Texas were executed by the Mexican Army in the town of Goliad, Texas. -
This letter was a passionate plea for aid for the Alamo garrison. He ended the letter “Victory or Death” – the only outcome this battle could have. -
The Mexican government's Law of April 6, 1830, was an attempt to stop U.S. immigration into Texas, and it had several key provisions that caused significant tension with Anglo settlers. These included suspending U.S. immigration, canceling unfinished empresario contracts, and placing customs duties on U.S. imports. The law also sought to abolish slavery gradually and encourage Mexican and European settlement in Texas to increase Mexican control. -
The Battle of Gonzales was the first military engagement of the Texas Revolution. It was fought near Gonzales, Texas, on October 2, 1835, between rebellious Texian settlers and a detachment of Mexican Army soldiers -
The Turtle Bayou Resolutions were a document drafted by Anglo-American settlers in Texas in June 1832 that served as an early step toward the Texas Revolution. The settlers stated their grievances against the Mexican government, particularly the actions of commander John Davis Bradburn. -
The Conventions of 1832 and 1833 were gatherings of delegates in Mexican Texas that addressed grievances against the Mexican government, primarily seeking greater political autonomy and immigration reform -
The Consultation of 1835 was a political assembly in Mexican Texas, formed to respond to escalating tensions with the Mexican government. Delegates met at San Felipe de Austin to decide whether to declare independence or remain loyal to Mexico, but instead, they adopted the Declaration of November 7, 1835, which justified their grievances and set a course toward potential independence. -
The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day La Porte and Deer Park, Texas, was the final and decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. Led by General Sam Houston, the Texan Army engaged and defeated General Antonio López de Santa Anna's Mexican army in a fight that lasted just 18 minutes. -
Stephen F. Austin was arrested in January 1834 by Mexican authorities on charges of treason and inciting insurrection. While on a mission to Mexico City to argue for Texas to become a separate state within Mexico, he wrote a letter suggesting that Texans form a provisional state government, which was seen by the Mexican government as a move toward rebellion. -
The Battle of the Alamo was a pivotal event and military engagement in the Texas Revolution. Following a 13-day siege, Mexican troops under President General Antonio López de Santa Anna reclaimed the Alamo Mission near San Antonio de Béxar. -
The Convention of 1836 was a meeting of delegates at Washington-on-the-Brazos that declared independence from Mexico, drafted the Constitution of the Republic of Texas, and organized an interim government. It produced the Texas Declaration of Independence on March 2, 1836, established the Republic of Texas, named Sam Houston as commander-in-chief, and hastily adjourned on March 17 due to the approaching Mexican army