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Emergence of the first cities in Sumer, such as Uruk. This period is the beginning of urbanization and the development of writing (cuneiform.)
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3100 BCE: Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt by Pharaoh Menes, so the beginning of the First Dynasty.
2500 BCE: The construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza during the Old Kingdom period. -
The Indus Valley Civilization in South Asia included major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo Daro.
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2000-1600 BCE.: Xia Dynasty - the first dynasty in Chinese history.
1600-1050 BCE: Shang Dynasty - development of writing, bronze casting, and urban centers. -
Mycenaean Civilization - Trojan War and as the setting for many of the stories in Greek mythology.
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The Olmec civilization begins in Mexico, known for their large stone heads.
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King David in Israel unified the Hebrew tribes and established of Jerusalem as the capital.
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750 BCE: Founding date of Rome.
510 BCE: Establishment of the Roman Republic after the overthrow of the Roman monarchy.
25 BCE: Beginning of the Roman Empire with Augustus as the first emperor. -
The Achaemenid Empire was founded by Cyrus the Great and becomes one of the largest empires in history.