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Appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933 following a series of electoral victories by the Nazi Party. He ruled absolutely until his death by suicide in April 1945. -
. Edgar Hoover became the head of the FBI on May 10, 1924, as the acting director. He was later officially named director at the end of that same year, December 10, 1924. Hoover's tenure as director lasted for 48 years, from 1924 to 1972. -
Is the best known and most popular Nazi text ever published with over 12 million copies sold. -
A sudden and drastic decline in stock prices led to massive financial losses, widespread unemployment, and a prolonged economic downturn. -
due to a combination of drought, overgrazing, and poor farming practices. -
Roosevelt, the Democratic governor of the largest state, New York, took office after defeating incumbent president Herbert Hoover, his Republican opponent -
created in 1933 by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt as part of his New Deal program to address unemployment during the Great Depression -
(WPA) was created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935 to address the economic hardship of the Great Depression. -
James J. Braddock won the heavyweight boxing title on June 13, 1935, defeating Max Baer in a 15-round decision at Long Island City Bowl in New York City. Braddock, known as the "Cinderella Man," was a 10-to-1 underdog. He outboxed Baer and earned the title through a unanimous decision. -
Berlin Olympics, also known as the "Nazi Olympics," were controversial due to Adolf Hitler's attempt to use them to promote his Aryan racial superiority theory. While Germany achieved the highest medal count, it was American track star Jesse Owens who became the most celebrated athlete, winning four gold medals and proving Hitler wrong. The games also saw the introduction of the Olympic torch relay and were the first to be televised. -
Nazi leaders unleashed a series of pogroms against the Jewish population in Germany and recently incorporated territories. -
"The Grapes of Wrath," John Steinbeck's novel, was first published on April 14, 1939, by The Viking Press. The book became a top bestseller, reaching the top of the list within two weeks of publication. It was the top-selling novel of 1939 and remained in the top 10 bestsellers of 1940. -
The Wizard of Oz's official premiere was at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on August 15, 1939. The film then opened nationwide on August 25, 1939, according to History Channel. While the premiere was a grand event, the film's initial theatrical run was not a massive financial success, as noted by NBC. -
It is widely considered the start of World War II. This invasion, characterized by Germany's blitzkrieg tactics, involved massive military force and resulted in the swift capture of much of Poland within a month. The invasion was a direct result of Germany's aggressive foreign policy and a secret pact with the Soviet Union to partition Poland. -
His "four essential human freedoms" included some phrases already familiar to Americans from the Bill of Rights, as well as some new phrases: freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.