Periodic Table

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  • German merchant and amateur alchemist Hennig Brand attempted to make an object that could supposedly make metals into pure gold

  • Robert Boyle also discovered phosphorus, and it became public

  • At least 47 elements were discovered and scientists began to see patterns in the characteristics

  • English chemist John Newlands divided the than discovered 56 elements into 11 groups, based on characteristics.

  • Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev starrted the development if the periodic tables arranging chemical elements by atomic mass

  • French physicist Antoine Bequerel first discovered radioactivity.

  • Sir William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh discovered the noble gases, which were added to the periodic table as group 0.

  • English physicist J. J. Thomson first discovered electrons.

  • Bequerel discovered that electrons and beta particles as identified by the Curies are the same thing.

  • Rutherford announced that radioactivity is caused by the breakdown of atoms.

  • Rutherford and German physicist Hans Geiger discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom.

  • Bohr discovered that electrons move around a nucleus in discrete energy called orbitals.

  • Rutherford first identified protons in the atomic nucleus. He also transmutated a nitrogen atom into an oxygen atom for the first time.

  • James Chadwick first discovered neutrons, and isotopes were identified.

  • Glenn Seaborg identified lanthanides and actinides which are usually placed below the periodic table