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Jefferson won over the election against John Adams in 1800 trying to minimize the differences between the bigger divide on the pollitical parties.
-He wanted to keep Hamiltons Fin. Plan
-purchased Louisiana
-Reduced the militia size
-Cut government jobs
-Cut off internal taxes
-Wanted to lower natty debt
-Unifed Democrats republicans within his presidency (aligned values)
-When he purchased Louisiana it weakened the Federalist party -
01-35
He started the popularity of the supreme court
Established the Judicary act, Marbury Vs Madison, and Judicial review
Increased power of the judicial branch so it was equal to the other 2
He helped Federalist influence even though his term lasted longer than the party
Strengthened the central GOV -
William Murbury that was the "Midnight judge" versus the Sceraty of state J. Madison.
Argued over not delivering an official appt
Marbury sued Madison
Established the Judicial Review and called the Judicary act unconstitutoinal
The supreme court can have the say on what is or is not constitutional. -
It was originally controlled by Spain then offered to Napoleon; then was finally bought for 15 million dollars by Jefferson without talking to office about the purchase. Jefferson saw this purchase as an econ advantage for agriculture and resources. But, people saw this as not abiding by the Constitution because Jefferson didn't go through the supreme courts first.
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This was a war between France Britain that led to a naval blockade. Because of the wars in Europe, this started a decline in US trade because of the halt of foreign goods being traded because of the wars. Eventually after the naval blockades, Britain started to capture US troops and ships which led to the US being involved.
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They both wanted to explore the area of the west but couldn't in fear of attacks of the native tribes. (Meriwether Lewis and William Clark)
They started in St. Louis, MI 1804 and returned in 1806
SIGNIFCANCE
They wanted a better undertsanding of the land occupying the US.
It pushed the claims of having the Oregan Terriory and pushed wanting Louisiana
WIth knowledge of Natives in the land Jefferson helped relations with them
Helped fur trade -
(Hate this guy)
After Jefferson was reelected in 1804, Jeffersons vice president Aaron Burr said that Jefferson was not going by the demo-republic party principals and straying from their core values. After accusing Jefferson he killed Hamilton in a duel in 1804, this was the start of the popularity decline of Burr. After the duel he was tried but aquitted for trying to create an independent nation in the west in 1806. -
After the Napoleonic wars, Jefferson passed a this law to stop all trade with Britain. Jeffersons hope was that if Britains largest trade port was stopped, the British would stop invading US ships and taking the soldiers. But, this law brought hardship to the US because of the lack of money and resources they got from Britain. This act repealed in 1809
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Madison was Washingtons scetaru of state when Washington was in office, but after Washingtons retire in 1808 they had an election that the demo-republican chose Madison to be there president. Madison won with Jefferson helping him along the way. Over his presidceny he enacted the nonintercourse Act and Macons bill No.2 (that I'm going to discuss later in the timeline).
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After the Embaro act that ended in 1809, Madison offered this act to reopen all trade except Britain and France. Madison made sure the US was still neutral and was not picking sides. Napoleon did manipulate this act and worsened the tensions between Britian and France.
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Factory system: New England opened many factories rather than ships with the rising manufactored goods.
Lowell system: Employed women to work in the factories and housed under strict supervision that was very common in young women or young girls. -
This is a long one.
started over violation of sea rights British interfering with Natives on the west frontier. This British didn't want to come neutral in the upcoming war with the US Madison finally declared war. The war divided the country between yes and no. There was the invasion of Canada and Naval battles that was in the war along with Souther Chesapeake campaigns to help or go against the war. -
After the war, New England federalists were about to leave the Union because the opposed the war demo-repiblicans gov in DC. They wanted the Constitution so they met in CT to discuss the rejectment of secession limit the power of demo-repiblicans. The proposed many laws but none were enacted and led to the falling of the federalists party.
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The US new the wouldn't win the war so they went over to try and have a treaty with Birtain in Belgium on X-mas eve. THe treaty decided to stop fighting, regain all pre-war land, have a boundary between the US Canada. But, Britain didn't own up to anything so the war ended in a stalemate.
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This transformed all economic aspects of the US like the transportation, communication, and production that connected regional economies. This followed the war of 1812 that led people to invent transportation like canals, steamboats, and railroads. This started to grow into wanting manufactured goods which led to the INdustrial revolution. This led to the eerie canal, King cotton, Factories, more cities and towns, and the rise of slavery. This led to the US becoming connected in the economy.
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This system was to have protective tariff that would help US manufacturing raise enough money for new transportation such railroads, canals,
interstates. Clay wanted to have an Natty bank that would regulate currency support the US in the economy so the states wont have to rely on their banks alone. Clay also wanted internal improvements that was to build transportation and help the growth of the new lands in the US. This grew nattyism but grew sectional tensions. -
AFter the war that led people to a nationalistic unified feeling that brought the US together. The demo-republics dominated the political parties the Federalists ceased to exist leaving little to no resistance. James Monroe was the new President But, the era had growing tensions of sectionalism over slavery, tariffs, the natty bank, internal improvements, and public land sales the grew the US apart. The era lasted until the Panic of 1819
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AFter the War of 1812, Britain and the US still remained high in tensions mostly in the Great Lake tensions. The agreement led to limiting navy in the Lakes and the two nations were only allowed one military vessel in each of the lakes. This was marked the first miltian agreement after the war also helped the boarder conflicts between the nations. This finally eased tensions between US Britain.
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This helped establish all boundaries between US Britain following the war. The established the 49th parallel Lake of the woods in the Rocky Mtns. This also helped the fishing rights off of Newfoundland Labrador that led to the cooperations of the two nations that started the groundwork of westward expansion in the US.
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This was from the 2nd natty bank of the US that resulted in a widespread on unemployment, debts, bankruptcies across the nation. This impacts the west the mot by many banks closing farms leading to loss of land and farms that made the individuals of the west resent the natty bank.
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This didn't allow new slaves to go into Missouri and allowing the enslaved juveniles emancipated by the age of 25.
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This made a parallel line of the US on the 36'30 line that separated slave and free states beside Missouri being a slave state and Maine being a free state. The eased sectional tensions in Congress and showed how much slavery was growing in the US .
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Also known as the Florida purchase, it was negociated by John Q. Adams Luis de Onis that the US bought Florida from Spain. The bought it for 5 million and started to establish the western boundary of the Louisana Purchase from the Gulf of Mexico to the Oregan territory. This helped expand the US and started to show the US as a supernation that helped relations with Spain.
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The movement of abandoning alcohol consumption in the mid to early 1800s. Advocates wanted to link social issues to over alcohol consumption. This was connected to the churches how it is a moral issue for society.
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These were the key principals from all the alliances being started after the war. Monroe wanted no more new colonization blocking all further west colonization to all Europeans establishing that Americans are not Euro subjects anymore. No more interventions which didn't allow Euros to interfere with US affairs. No interference which did not let the US interfere with Euro affairs. Lastly the west and Euro were separated.
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A fight between Adams, Jackson, Crawford, and Clay. Jackson was about to win but Adams won the Congress vote. This ended the era of good feeligs that ended the political unity. This started to form the Jacksonian democracy in opposition to Adams which also led to the curropt bargain. This set the rise of the Jacksonian era.
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Oh. God.
After winning the election in 1824, he championed the "common man" with giving voting rights to all white men and religious qualifications of voting removed. The Jacksonian party emerged with the values of white male suffrage the resentment of the natty bank. This also emerged the spoil systems which made Jackson grant supporters government jobs which expanded party loyalty which was commonly seen as unfair. -
Jackson authorized to trade native lands for western lands making tribes transfer over to the west of the mississippi river. This was voluntary but strongly suggest of tribes but some resented which led to the trail of tears.
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THis was an art philosophical movement that was people started to ? the traditional churches of the US.This movement promoted self reliance, individualism, and nationalistic spirits. The key leaders were Emerson Thoreu. They did crtized slavery which led to tensions up to the Civil war.
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This was between Jacksona nd the supporter of the 2nd natty bank which was from Jackson vetoed its recharter that led to unemployment bank closings in the US. Because of this veto it did help Jackson win the next election of 1832.
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When SC senator John C. Calhoun argued that states had the right to nullify laws over the federal government that was seen as unconstitutional. This hurt southern planters the most from leading to Tariff of abominations which raised taxes on textiles, iron, foreign goods, leading to a decline in economy.
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After Jackson rejected his 3rd term it was time for another lection with Jacksons vice president Martin Van Buren becoming president. Buren did not win because of his populariry, it was because of how close he was to Jackson and how popluar Jackson was.
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Specie= gold or silver
After the veto of the 2nd natty bank, Jackson ordered that all public land sales were made in gold or silver instead of paper currency. Because of the lack in gold, this decreased sales in land contribution to the panic of 1837. -
AFter the election of 1836 the US had a decline in the economy. This was from Jacksons harsh econ policies with the Bank veto specie Circular that was the delcline in the econ. Because of this there was a widespread in closings of banks, businesses, unemployment. The opposite political parties of Buren such as the WHigs blamed him while he was still going to the Laissez-faire economics.
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This was a forced relocation of Cherokee tribes that came from the Indian Removal Act. The army forced over 15k Cherokee people to leave their land. Over 4000 of them died from their journey to the west. This was seen one of the darkest moments in Jacksons presidency.
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This was majorly surrounded by the whig campaign which led people to believe Buren was out-of-touch the leading whig Henry Harrison was wise humble. Because of the Whig party advocatng for Burens downfall Harrison won majorly marking the 1st whig president. This started to shift politics because of how much campaigning can effect ones election how much the Jacksonion era changed politics.
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This was held in NYC to discuss women's rights. This ermged the declaration sentiments which was like the Declaration if Independence but with women's rights and equalities. This was led by Anothony, Stanton, and Mott which led many reforms but this marked the first women's rights movemeny of the US.