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The Persian Constitutional Revolution, which took place between 1905 and 1911, was a period of significant political and social change in Iran that resulted in the establishment of a constitution and an elected parliament (Majlis). Motivated by a desire for justice, economic independence, and limits on the absolute power of the Qajar monarch, the revolution led to a constitutional monarchy, although it faced internal conflicts and foreign interference led to a despotic rule for a time. -
Iran's national railway system was mostly created under Reza Shah's modernization program, which began with the construction of the Trans-Iranian Railway in 1927. This system was a crucial part of developing a national industrial sector, including the creation of hundreds of new plants, specializing in textiles, sugar, and cement. Important details include the completion of the Trans-Iranian Railway in 1938, its expansion to the west in 1977, and its use as a key supply route during WWII. -
The Pahlavi government made investments in education, making the number of universities grow from 4 in 1953 to 16 in 1977, with student enrollment skyrocketing. Several of Iran's top universities, including Pahlavi University and Sharif University of Technology, are modeled on American institutions like the University of Pennsylvania and MIT, making strong academic relations and exchange programs with the U.S.. By 1978, roughly 75% of elementary-age children were enrolled in primary schools. -
The 1945 division of Korea resulted from a hurried U.S.-Soviet agreement to split the peninsula along the 38th parallel to manage the surrender of Japanese forces. Intended as a temporary measure, the Soviet Union occupied the North and the U.S. the South, creating opposing political systems. -
On June 25, 1950, ~75,000 North Korean soldiers crossed the 38th parallel, invading South Korea to reunify the peninsula under communism. This act initiated a 3-year war (1950–1953) that saw UN forces, led by the US, defend the South, with Chinese intervention later supporting the North. -
In October 1950, China intervened in the Korean War, sending the People's Volunteer Army (PVA) across the Yalu River to support North Korea, surprising United Nations forces and halting their rapid advance. Led by Mao Zedong, China launched major offensives between October 1950 and April 1951, successfully forcing UN troops out of North Korea and back across the 38th parallel, resulting in a stalemate and heavy casualties. -
The First Battle of Seoul (June 25–28, 1950) resulted in the rapid capture of the South Korean capital by the North Korean People's Army (KPA) just days after invading. The overwhelmed South Korean forces were forced to retreat, with the premature destruction of the Han River Bridge trapping troops and killing civilians -
The Battle of the Pusan Perimeter (August 4–September 18, 1950) was a critical, 140-mile defensive standoff in southeastern Korea, where combined U.N. and South Korean forces (ROK) halted the North Korean (KPA) advance. Surrounded on three sides, UN troops held a shrinking line around the port of Pusan, allowing for critical reinforcements and a subsequent breakout following the Inchon landing.
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The Inchon Landing (Operation Chromite) was a surprise, high-risk amphibious invasion on September 15, 1950, led by General Douglas MacArthur to reverse North Korean momentum. U.S. and UN forces overcame severe tides and heavy defenses to secure the port, recapture Seoul, and sever North Korean supply lines, turning the tide of the war. -
The Recapture of Seoul in September 1950, a turning point in the Korean War, saw UN forces, primarily U.S. Marines and the 7th Infantry Division, retake the city from North Korean troops following the Inchon landing. Intense, bloody house-to-house fighting occurred, with major battles to break fortified, barricaded positions. -
Ali Razmara, also known as Haj Ali Razmara, was an Iranian military officer and politician who served as the prime minister of Iran from 1950 to 1951. He was assassinated by 26-year-old Khalil Tahmassebi of the Fadayan-e Islam organization outside the Shah Mosque in Tehran at the age of 49. -
After Razmara's death, the Majlis began the process of nationalizing the Iranian oil industry. On March 15, 1951, legislation to nationalize the oil industry was passed by the Majlis with a majority of votes. On March 17, the Majlis verified the nationalization of Iran's oil industry, and the AIOC was nationalized. -
What was the purpose of Operation Ajax?
A key motive was to protect British oil interests in Iran after Mossadegh nationalized and refused to concede to Western oil demands. It was instigated by the United States (under the name TP-AJAX Project or Operation Ajax) and the United Kingdom (under the name Operation Boot) -
The 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement, signed on July 27, ended three years of active fighting in the Korean War, creating a ceasefire rather than a permanent peace treaty. It established the 4-kilometer-wide Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) at the final battle line, allowing for prisoner repatriation and halting hostilities between UN Command and North Korean/Chinese forces. -
Following the July 1953 armistice, North Korea underwent rapid post-war reconstruction (1953–1954) fueled by massive aid from the Soviet Union, China, and Eastern Bloc nations, which accounted for one-third of its 1954 budget. Focused on industrial rebuilding, this aid allowed North Korea to surpass South Korea’s economic development until the early 1970s. -
The Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) was established on July 27, 1953, upon the signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement, which halted fighting in the Korean War. It acts as a 2.5-mile-wide (4 km) buffer zone running 160 miles across the peninsula, separating North and South Korea. -
The 1954 Battle of Dien Bien Phu was a decisive victory for the communist Viet Minh forces over the French, leading to the end of French colonial rule in Southeast Asia and setting the stage for increased U.S. involvement in Vietnam. -
The ideological struggle of the Cold War, American fears of communism spreading (the domino theory), and Vietnamese desires for reunification under a single government, which led to the United States supporting South Vietnam to prevent communist domination. -
Iran underwent significant Western-style modernization under the Pahlavi dynasty, particularly during Mohammad Reza Shah's reign in the mid-20th century. These reforms, known as the White Revolution, included secularization, industrialization, economic development, and social changes like women gaining the right to vote and more access to education, from 1963-1979. -
The Gulf of Tonkin incident was an international confrontation which led to the United States engaging more directly in the Vietnam War. -
The Battle of Ia Drang was the first major battle between the United States Army and the People's Army of Vietnam, as part of the Pleiku campaign conducted early in the Vietnam War, at the eastern foot of the Chu Pong Massif in the central highlands of Vietnam, in 1965. -
Operation Rolling Thunder was a gradual and sustained aerial bombardment campaign conducted by the United States 2nd Air Division, U.S. Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force against North Vietnam from 2 March 1965 until 2 November 1968, during the Vietnam War. -
Iran's national football team had a dominant run, winning the Asian Cup three consecutive times in 1968, 1972, and 1976. This era of success is often called a "golden generation" and also included a win at the 1974 Asian Games -
The Tet Offensive was a series of surprise attacks by North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces against more than 100 cities and towns in South Vietnam, beginning on January 30, 1968, during the Tet holiday. -
The My Lai Massacre was the mass murder of unarmed Vietnamese civilians by U.S. soldiers in a series of atrocities that took place on March 16, 1968. Led by Lieutenant William Calley, soldiers of Charlie Company brutally killed hundreds of villagers, including women, children, and elderly men, in the hamlet of My Lai 4 and a nearby community. -
His passing did not lead to a significant policy shift or a negotiated end to the war; it did prompt a period of mourning in North Vietnam and reinforced China's commitment to supporting their cause, which was vital for continued resistance. -
The Paris Peace Accords, signed on January 27, 1973, officially ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War by calling for a cease-fire, the withdrawal of all U.S. and foreign troops, and the release of prisoners of war. -
Before his rule, Lon Nol was in power. -
Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge initiated "Year Zero" on April 17, 1975, when they captured the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh. This marked the beginning of the Cambodian Genocide. -
The atrocities known as the "Killing Fields" began in Cambodia on April 17, 1975, the day the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, seized power in the capital city of Phnom Penh -
North Vietnam captured Saigon, then the capital of South Vietnam, on 30 April 1975 as part of its 1975 spring offensive. This led to the collapse of the South Vietnamese government and the evacuation of thousands of U.S. personnel and South Vietnamese civilians, marking the end of the Vietnam War. -
As the Khmer Rouge solidified control, they began summarily executing former government officials, military personnel, and anyone perceived as an intellectual or a threat to their agrarian ideology. Many were killed for wearing glasses or speaking a foreign language
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Vietnamese invasion: Following years of border clashes, Vietnam invaded Cambodia in December 1978, quickly routing the Khmer Rouge forces. Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge leadership fled to the border with Thailand. -
The 1979 Iranian Revolution was caused by widespread discontent with the Shah's autocratic and Western-backed regime, which was seen as corrupt and repressive. Key factors included social injustice, a conservative backlash against modernization and secularization, anger over economic mismanagement, and the influence of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and other opposition leaders who opposed the Shah's reforms that diminished religious authority -
The exile of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi occurred in January 1979, forcing him to flee Iran amidst the Iranian Revolution. His departure led to the collapse of the Pahlavi dynasty and the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran, headed by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The shah traveled through several countries, including Egypt, Morocco, the Bahamas, and Mexico, before entering the United States for medical treatment, which ultimately led to the Iran hostage crisis. -
Pol Pot was removed from power when Vietnam invaded Cambodia and overthrew the Khmer Rouge regime on January 7, 1979. -
The Khmer Rouge, though defeated, retreated to the jungles along the Thai border and continued a guerrilla war against the Vietnamese-backed government. During the 1980s, the PRK fought against the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK), a government-in-exile formed in 1982 by the Khmer Rouge and two non-communist factions, including supporters of former king Norodom Sihanouk.
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Facing international pressure and economic strain, Vietnam withdrew its forces from Cambodia in 1989
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The Khmer Rouge began to fracture in the mid-1990s, weakened by infighting and defections. In 1997, Pol Pot was arrested by other Khmer Rouge leaders and put on a show trial.
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died due to a supposed heart attack before he could be tried. -
Born in Colorado
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Moving from Colorado to Alaska cause our dad got custody of me and Nathan
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Heading to Texas due to family issues
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Heading to Nikiski area of alaska
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