-
Court case where Mexican-American families successfully challenged the segregation of their children into a separate school. The court ruled that this segregation was illegal under California law, making it the first successful school desegregation case in U.S. history, decades before Brown v. Board of Education. -
Court case that ended the segregation of Mexican-American students in California schools and helped pave the way for Brown v. Board of Education. -
Supreme Court case that ruled public schools cannot provide religious instruction during the school day. The decision reinforced the separation of church and state in public education. -
The Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. This landmark decision pushed schools to confront racial inequality and laid groundwork for multicultural education. -
Nine Black students who integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957, facing intense opposition. Their enrollment marked a major moment in enforcing school desegregation after Brown v. Board of Education. -
Fueled by the Civil Rights Movement, this era pushed for the inclusion of African American, Latino, Asian American, and.
American Indian history/culture in curricula. -
Supreme Court decision that ruled school-sponsored prayer in public schools is unconstitutional, protecting the separation of church and state. -
The Civil Rights Movement demanded equal educational opportunities for students of color. Educators and activists pushed for curricula that reflected the histories and experiences of African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and other marginalized groups. Multicultural education began as a movement for social justice. -
federal law created to provide funding and support for K–12 students, especially those from low-income families. Its goal was to promote educational equity and close achievement gaps across schools. -
Ended race-based immigration quotas and created a fairer system that prioritized family reunification and skilled immigrants -
Federal law that provided support for students with limited English proficiency by funding bilingual and language assistance programs, helping ensure equal access to education. -
Court case that ruled students could not be placed in special education based on biased IQ tests given in English to non-English-speaking students, protecting the rights of English learners. -
Supreme Court case that ruled schools could use busing and redrawing school district lines to achieve racial integration. The decision supported active steps to desegregate public schools following Brown v. Board of Education. -
This law prohibited sex discrimination in education, broadening multicultural education to include gender equity alongside race and ethnicity. -
Guaranteed that children with disabilities have the right to a free, appropriate public education and laid the foundation for IDEA. -
Landmark piece of U.S. legislation that created a permanent, standardized system for admitting and assisting refugees. It fundamentally shifted the demographic landscape of the American classroom. -
Civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in public spaces, education, employment, and services. -
Ensures that students with disabilities receive a free, appropriate public education with individualized support and services.