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The National Constituent Assembly was the French revolutionary group that drafted France's first constitution, establishing a constitutional monarchy and marking the end of absolutism.
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The official opening of the Estates-General of 1789 took place on May 5, 1789, in Versailles, convened by King Louis XVI to address France's financial crisis. The inaugural session was presided over by the king and attended by 1,139 deputies, representing the nobility, clergy, and the Third Estate. -
The Tennis Court Oath was a pivotal event of the French Revolution on June 20, 1789, in which members of the Third Estate met on a royal tennis court and swore not to disband until France had a new constitution. -
The August Decrees were a set of nineteen articles approved by the French National Constituent Assembly between August 4 and 11, 1789, in response to widespread peasant uprisings and the "Great Fear" in rural France. -
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 is an important document of the French Revolution that proclaimed the natural, inalienable, and sacred rights of individuals, including liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression. -
The Legislative Assembly was the governing institution of France from October 1, 1791 to September 20, 1792, during the French Revolution.
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The Flight to Varennes was the failed attempt by King Louis XVI and his family to escape from Paris on the night of June 20–21, 1791, during the French Revolution. -
The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, was a pivotal event in the French Revolution, where Parisian revolutionaries stormed the Bastille, a royal fortress and prison, to seize gunpowder and free prisoners -
The National Convention was a meeting with a single group that was in charge of governing the country during the most radical and unstable period of the French Revolution.
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France's declaration of war against Austria on April 20, 1792, the French Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria, marking the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars. -
The storming of the Tuileries Palace on August 10, 1792, was a pivotal event in the French Revolution, in which armed revolutionaries attacked the king's residence, leading to the massacre of the Swiss Guard and the arrest of King Louis XVI and his family. -
Louis XVI, the former King of France, was publicly executed by guillotine on January 21, 1793, in the Place de la Révolution in Paris. This event marked a significant milestone and a turning point in the French Revolution and the end of the French monarchy. -
Maximilien Robespierre was executed by guillotine on July 28, 1794, one day after his arrest. The execution took place in Paris following his removal from office and that of his followers by the National Convention, in the wake of their role in the Reign of Terror. -
The Directory was the government of France from 1795 to 1799, established after the Reign of Terror to create a more moderate government with a five-member executive council
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The French Consulate was the government of France from 1799 to 1804, established after the coup of 18 Brumaire. It was led by three consuls, with Napoleon Bonaparte as First Consul, who gradually consolidated his power, becoming First Consul for Life in 1802 before being crowned Emperor in 1804.
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The empire that existed between 1804 and 1815 was the First French Empire, led by Napoleon Bonaparte. It was officially established in 1804, when Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of the French, and ended with his final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
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The Battle of Austerlitz was a decisive French victory on December 2, 1805, achieved through the incredible tactics of Napoleon Bonaparte. It is also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors. -
The Battle of Trafalgar was a naval battle in 1805 in which the British Royal Navy, led by Admiral Lord Nelson, decisively defeated the combined French and Spanish fleets off the coast of Cape Trafalgar, Spain. -
The Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of the Nations, was a decisive defeat for Napoleon and was fought from October 16 to 19, 1813 in Germany. -
The Battle of Waterloo, on June 18, 1815, marked the final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at the hands of European armies in what is now Belgium.