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There is an agreement to replace the League of Nations, divide Germany into 4 parts, and require open elections in Germany.
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Deems Truman as the new President of the USA
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Truman informs Stalin of the US's nuclear capabilities.
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Among reorganization of Europe, Berlin is split into 4 zones.
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The Japanese Surrender to the USA.
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Chinese Civil War resumes between Communist and Nationalist forces.
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The Republic of Austria is reconstituted, with its 1937 borders, but divided into four zones of control: American, British, French, and Soviet.
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Joseph Stalin makes his Election Speech, in which he states that capitalism and imperialism make future wars inevitable.
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Winston Churchill warns of the descent of an Iron Curtain across Europe.
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Truman is presented with the Clifford-Elsey Report, a document which listed Soviet violations of agreements with the United States.
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Nikolai Vasilevich Novikov writes a response to Kennan's Long Telegram, known as the 'Novikov Telegram', in which he states that the United States are "striving for world supremacy".
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French landings in Indochina begin the First Indochina War. They are resisted by the Viet Minh communists fight for national independence.
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The American and British zones of control in Germany are combined to form the Bizone
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President Harry Truman announces the Truman Doctrine, initiating with the transfer of aid to Greece and Turkey in order to prevent them from falling into the Soviet sphere
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Bernard Baruch, in a speech given during the unveiling of his portrait in the South Carolina House of Representatives, coins the term "Cold War" to describe relations between the United States and the Soviet Union
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Secretary of State George Marshall outlines plans for a comprehensive program of economic assistance for the war-ravaged countries of Western Europe. It would become known throughout the world as the Marshall Plan.
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The United Nations passes a resolution calling for the withdrawal of foreign soldiers from Korea, free elections in each of the two administrations, and the creation of a UN commission dedicated to the unification of the peninsula.
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In Romania, King Michael I of Romania is forced to abdicate by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, the monarchy is abolished and the Popular Republic of Romania is instituted instead.
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The Communist Party takes control in Czechoslovakia, after President Edvard Beneš accepts the resignation of all non-communist ministers.
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Truman signs the Marshall Plan into effect. By the end of the programs, the United States had given $12.4 billion in economic assistance to European countries.
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Joseph Stalin orders the blockade of all land routes from West Germany to Berlin, in an attempt to starve out the French, British, and American forces from the city. In response, the three Western powers launch the Berlin Airlift to supply the citizens of Berlin by air.
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The Soviet Union declares the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to be the legitimate government of all of Korea, with Kim Il-sung as Prime Minister.
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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is founded by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States, in order to resist Communist expansion.
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The Soviet blockade of Berlin ends with the re-opening of access routes to Berlin. The airlift continues until September, in case the Soviets re-establish the blockade.
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By this time, many celebrities had been outed as Communist.
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The Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb. The test, known to Americans as Joe 1, succeeds, as the Soviet Union becomes the world's second nuclear power.
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Nikos Zachariadis, leader of the Communist Party of Greece, declares an end to the armed uprising. The Greek Civil War is contained.
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The United Kingdom recognizes the People's Republic of China. The Republic of China severs diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom.
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The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China sign a pact of mutual defense.
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North Korea invades South Korea.
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United Nations forces engage North Korean forces n Osan. They fail to halt the North Korean advance, and fall south.
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Pyongyang falls to United Nations forces.
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China intervenes in Korea with 300,000 soldiers, catching the United Nations offguard. They then withdraw.
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United Nations forces approach the Yalu River. In response, China intervenes in Korea oncemore with 500,000 troops.The UN is pushed to South Korea.
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Chinese soldiers capture Seoul.
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UN recapture Seoul during Operation Ripper.
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Australia, New Zealand, and the United States sign the ANZUS Treaty. (Consits of matters of defense and security in the Pacific.)
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President Harry S. Truman signs the Mutual Security Act, declaring that U.S. was prepared to provide military aid to "free peoples."
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Greece and Turkey join NATO.
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The Treaty of San Francisco comes into effect, and Japan signs the Treaty of Taipei. Occupation ends.
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The United States creates the world's first nuclear-powered submarine, USS Nautilus.
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The Marshall Plan ends, with European industrial output better than that of 1948.
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The United Kingdom successfully tests its atomic bomb in Operation Hurricane. The test makes the UK the world's third nuclear power.
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The United States tests their first thermonuclear bomb, Ivy Mike.
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Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes President of the United States.
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Joseph Stalin dies, this causes further conflict in Russia
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An armistice agreement ends fighting in the Korean War.
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Nikita Khrushchev becomes leader of the Soviet Communist Party. Lavrentiy Beria is then executed in December.
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The United States launches the world's first nuclear submarine, USS Nautilus.
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The Viet Minh defeat the French at Dien Bien Phu. France withdraws from Indochina. Four independent states are left: Cambodia, Laos, and what became North Vietnam and South Vietnam. The Geneva Accords called for free elections to unite Vietnam, but none of the major Western powers were having it since the Viet Minh (nationalist Communists) would win.
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Senator Joseph McCarthy claims that communists have infiltrated the CIA and the atomic weapons industry.
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The elected leftist Guatemalan government is overthrown in a CIA-backed coup. A facsist Regime takes over. Opposition leads to a guerrilla war with Marxist rebels in which major human rights abuses are committed on all sides.
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Foundation of the South East Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) by Australia, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, Thailand, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Designed to reisist communist expansion in Philippines and Indochina.
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Baghdad Pact is founded: Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. Main purpose is to resist Communist expansion in the Middle East.
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West Germany joins NATO, also begins rearmament.
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Warsaw Pact is founded in Eastern Europe and includes East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, and the Soviet Union. (Communist NATO)
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Geneva summit, attended by the Big Four and Nikita.
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Hungarian Revolution of 1956: Hungarians revolt against the Communist Russian Government. They are crushed by the Soviet military, which reinstates a Communist government.
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Suez Crisis: France, Israel, and the United Kingdom attack Egypt with the goal of removing Nasser from power. International diplomatic pressures force the attackers to withdraw. Canadian Lester B. Pearson encourages the United Nations to send a Peacekeeping force to the disputed territory. Lester B. Pearson wins a Nobel Peace Prize for his actions and becomes Canadian Prime Minister.
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Communist Imperialism begins in South Vietnam, sponsored by North Vietnam.
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Sputnik satellite launched.
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Sputnik 2 launched, living person on board
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Coup in Iraq, the 14 July Revolution, removes the pro-British monarch.
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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA is established
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Cuban Revolution. Fidel Castro (Communist) becomes the leader of Cuba.
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Nikita and Nixon openly debate the capacities of each Superpower.
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Explorer 6 is launched into orbit to photograph Earth.
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Formation of the FNL ( Viet Cong) in North Vietnam.
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France successfully launches first Atomic Bomb, Gerboise Bleue
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Sino-Soviet split: The Chinese declare their version of Communism superior and begin to compete with the Soviets.
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Pathet Lao (communist) revolt in Laos begins.
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Eisenhower closes the US embassy in Havana, Diplomacy with Cuba is severed
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CIA funded invasion of Cuba flops.
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Kennedy announces intention to put man on the moon
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The Berlin Wall is built by the Soviets
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Soviet Union detonates the Tsar Bomba, the most powerful thermonuclear weapon ever tested
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Himalayan War: Chinese forces attack India
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Kennedy and Russia square off, Russia eventually backs down
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