David Livingstone first starts exploring South Africa
Livingstone reached Zambezi River; began major explorations.
Livingstone crossed Africa to fight slavery, spread Christianity, gain fame, and explore.
Indian mutiny
Livingstone publishes his book Missionary Travels & Researches in S. Africa
Suez Canal company set up in 1858
Livingstone funded as East Africa Consul to explore Zambezi and Shire rivers
East India Trading Company removed from power
Khedive Ismael Pasha comes to power
Suez Canal opens
Livingstone found by Henry Stanley
Disraeli buys £4 million of shares in the Suez Canal
Brussels Conference
George Goldie took over a struggling Niger trading firm and renamed it the Central African Trading Company
General Charles Gordon sent to Sudan between 1877 and 1880 to act as governor general.
Bartle Frere appointed governor and high commissioner of Cape Colony
Ismail Pasha deposed by the Ottomans and replaced by his son Tewfiq
George Goldie merged 30 trading posts to create the United African Company
Muhammad Ahmad declared himself Mahdi
Egyptian mutiny lead by Arabi Pasha against the Brits and Tewfiq
British suppress the Egyptian mutiny and begin occupation
Riots break out in Alexandria
George Goldie founded The National African Company, replaced the United African Company to secure British control in West Africa through trade and treaties.
Dufferin report-justified and structured British involvement in Egypt
Lord Cromer (Evelyn Baring) becomes British Consul General of Egypt
Colonel Hicks lost a joint British/Egyptian expedition to fight Mahdists. and was killed
General Gordon tried to conduct evacuation of troops from Khartoum
Berlin Conference
Khartoum overrun and Gordon beheaded.
National African Company renamed Royal Niger Company upon receiving a royal charter
Imperial British East Africa company established
Kenya became British East Africa protectorate
4th Anglo Ashante war: When Brits demanded Ghana (Gold Coast) becomes protectorate. Prempeh I exiled.
Kitchener lead campaign into Sudan, following Italian defeat at Adowa, Abyssinia.
38 min war in Zanzibar when Sultan Khalid seized power from dead cousin without British consent.
Fashoda Incident: French agreed to Britain controlling area.
Hut Tax War in Sierra Leone in response to Colonel Cardew's introduction of new tax.
Battle of Omdurman: 11,000 Mahdists killed with advanced firepower.
Agreement allowed France territory further West if they stay out of Nile valley
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan established (controlled by Britain)
War of the Golden Stool against Ashante when Governor Hodgson demanded to sit on the stool.
Mohammad Abdullah Hassan of British Somaliland led 20,000 Malis in resistance for 20 years.
North Nigeria becomes a colony under Lugard.
Uganda Railway built, connecting Mombasa to lake Victoria: indentured Indian Labour used. (2500 died)
Ashante annexed
Britain and France signed the Entente Cordiale. France respect British rights in Egypt and Britain did the same for French in Morrocco.
South Nigeria brought under British rule.
Telegraphs, railway lines, and port Sudan created by this time
Denshawai incident: British soldiers killing pigeons resulted in escalated scuffle: Imam's wife got shot and wounded and an Egyptian was mistakenly killed.
Denshawai tribunal: 4 hanged, 26 flogged and hard labour, & 1 to penal servitude
North and South Nigeria merged into one colony
1st Pan African Congress in France
National Congress of West Africa created
British forces finally defeat Mad Mullah using aerial bombing
Sudan given £3 million for Gezira cotton scheme
Harry Thuku creates Young Kikuyu to recover stolen land in Kenya
West Africa students union assembled students in London
Makere College in Uganda extended and made UCL affiliate