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John Dalton spherical solid atoms based upon measurable properties of mass.
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Discovered cathode rays could, travel in straight lines from the cathode, cause glass to fluoresce, impart a negative charge to objects they strike, are deflected by electric fields and magnets to suggest a negative charge.
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He discovered that atoms had positive charges.
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Discovered that electricity was made of discrete negative particles he called Electrons.
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Put the elements in rows and columns
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He changed the view of the atom with his discovery of the electron. Thomson's work suggested that the atom was not an indivisible particle.
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J.J Thomson imagined that atom had a structure of small clumps, that were negatively charged electrons. But Eugen proved Thomson wrong. He also discovered that while most of the alpha particles passed right through the gold foil, a small number of alpha particles passed through at an angle
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Discovered an explanation of atomic structure that underlies regularities of the periodic table of elements. His atomic model had atoms built up of sucessive orbital shells of electrons.
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James discovered a third type of subatomic particle, which he named the neutron. Neutrons help stabilize the protons in the atom's nucleus.